University Hospital of Psychiatry, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, and JARA⁻Translational Brain Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jun 21;15(7):1300. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071300.
The aim of our study was to assess utilization patterns of psychiatric services by asylum seekers. We included 119 adults who presented themselves at the University Emergency Department between 1 March 2012 and 1 January 2017 for psychiatric consultation. Descriptive data were compared with a control group of non-Swiss individuals with warranted residence permits using Mann-Whitney- and chi square (χ²) tests. Patients were mainly single, male, residing in reception centers, and presented themselves most frequently due to suicidal ideation. Almost 60% of the patients were assigned to inpatient treatments, with 28 involuntary cases. Compared to the control group, asylum seekers were younger and more often men ( < 0.001 for both). Further, they less often had family in Switzerland (χ² = 9.91, = 0.007). The proportion of patients coming in as walk-ins was significantly higher in the control group than in asylum seekers (χ² = 37.0, < 0.001). Asylum seekers were more frequently referred due to suicidal ideation and aggressive behavior than participants in the control group (χ² = 80.07, < 0.001). Diagnoses for asylum seekers infrequently included mood, as they often reported stress-related disorders (χ² = 19.6, = 0.021) and they were infrequently released home (χ² = 9.19, = 0.027). Asylum seekers more frequently demonstrated severe symptoms such as suicidal ideation and aggressive behavior and they were mainly treated as inpatients, potentially due to minimal social resources.
我们的研究目的是评估寻求庇护者对精神卫生服务的利用模式。我们纳入了 2012 年 3 月 1 日至 2017 年 1 月 1 日期间因精神科咨询到大学急诊就诊的 119 名成年人。使用 Mann-Whitney-U 检验和卡方检验（χ²）比较描述性数据和有合法居留许可的非瑞士个体的对照组。患者主要为单身、男性，居住在接待中心，最常因自杀意念就诊。近 60%的患者接受了住院治疗，其中 28 例为非自愿住院。与对照组相比，寻求庇护者更年轻，男性更多（两者均 < 0.001）。此外，他们在瑞士的亲属较少（χ² = 9.91， = 0.007）。对照组中自行前来就诊的患者比例明显高于寻求庇护者（χ² = 37.0， < 0.001）。寻求庇护者因自杀意念和攻击行为就诊的比例明显高于对照组（χ² = 80.07， < 0.001）。与对照组相比，寻求庇护者更常因自杀意念和攻击行为就诊，而较少被诊断为心境障碍（χ² = 19.6， = 0.021），较少被允许回家（χ² = 9.19， = 0.027）。寻求庇护者更常表现出严重的症状，如自杀意念和攻击行为，他们主要接受住院治疗，这可能是由于社会资源有限。
