Gündeşlioğlu Özlem Özgür, Kocabaş Emine, Haytoğlu Zeliha, Timurtaş Dayar Gülperi, Kılıç Çil Merve, Durmaz Rıza
Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Adana, Turkey.
Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Adana, Turkey.
Mikrobiyol Bul. 2018 Apr;52(2):156-165. doi: 10.5578/mb.66648.
Rotavirus is the most common agent of acute gastroenteritis in children under five years of age and still a major cause of mortality and morbidity mainly in devoloping countries. The aim of this study was to determine the circulating rotavirus genotypes in children less than five years of age with acute gastroenteritis in Adana province, before the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine into the national immunization programme. Fecal specimens were collected from children enrolled between December 2012 and November 2016 and rotavirus antigen was searched by a rapid immunochromatographic test method. The antigen positive samples were G and Pgenotyped by hemi-nested type-specific multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Rotavirus antigen positive fecal specimens from 201 patients of 107 (53.3%) boys and 94 (46.8%) girls were included in this study. Rotavirus infection was most frequently detected in patients with gastroenteritis between the ages of 12 and 23 months. It has been determined that 45% of rotavirus gastroenteritis was determined in children under two years of age. Rotavirus gastroenteritis was more frequent between September and April, but the highest incidence was detected in January. Of 201 rotavirus antigen-positive stool specimens, 167 were PCR positive. Five common G (G1, G2, G3, G4 and G9) and two common P genotypes (P[8] and P[4]) were determined as 91.6% and 96.4% of the isolates, respectively. The most prevalent G and P genotype combination was G1P8 with a frequency of 29.9%, followed by 21% G9P8 About 78% of rotavirus isolates were classified into five common G-P combination genotypes, including G1P8, G9P8 G3P8, G2P4, and G2P8. During the study period, there were significant changes in the distribution of rotavirus genotype. The prevalence of G9P8 genotype sharply decreased from 40% to 8.1% and the prevalence of G1P8 genotype increased from 21.3% to 48.6%. Although no G3P8 isolates were detected in the first two years of the study, this genotype was detected in 18.5% and 13.5% of the samples in 2015 and 2016, respectively. There were no relationship between the age onset of the disease, sex, dehydration development risk and rotavirus genotype. The results from this study indicated that the predominant circulating strains of rotavirus determined in clinical specimens were G1P8 and G9P8. Significant changes were observed in the prevalence of the most common rotavirus isolates over the years. Rotavirus surveillance is important to determine the circulating strains of rotavirus to assess vaccine effectiveness, to monitor vaccine failures, and to detect potential emerging strains.
轮状病毒是五岁以下儿童急性胃肠炎最常见的病原体，并且仍然是主要在发展中国家导致死亡和发病的主要原因。本研究的目的是在轮状病毒疫苗引入国家免疫规划之前，确定阿达纳省五岁以下患急性胃肠炎儿童中流行的轮状病毒基因型。收集了2012年12月至2016年11月期间登记儿童的粪便标本，并通过快速免疫层析试验方法检测轮状病毒抗原。抗原阳性样本通过半巢式型特异性多重逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）进行G和P基因分型。本研究纳入了107名（53.3%）男孩和94名（46.8%）女孩的201份轮状病毒抗原阳性粪便标本。轮状病毒感染在12至23个月大的胃肠炎患者中最常被检测到。已确定45%的轮状病毒胃肠炎发生在两岁以下儿童中。轮状病毒胃肠炎在9月至4月更为常见，但1月发病率最高。在201份轮状病毒抗原阳性粪便标本中，167份PCR呈阳性。五种常见的G基因型（G1、G2、G3、G4和G9）和两种常见的P基因型（P[8]和P[4]）分别在分离株中占91.6%和96.4%。最常见的G和P基因型组合是G1P8，频率为29.9%，其次是21%的G9P8。约78%的轮状病毒分离株被分类为五种常见的G-P组合基因型，包括G1P8、G9P8、G3P8、G2P4和G2P8。在研究期间，轮状病毒基因型的分布有显著变化。G9P8基因型的流行率从40%急剧下降到8.1%，G1P8基因型的流行率从21.3%增加到48.6%。尽管在研究的前两年未检测到G3P8分离株，但该基因型分别在2015年和2016年的18.5%和13.5%的样本中被检测到。疾病的发病年龄、性别、脱水发展风险与轮状病毒基因型之间没有关系。本研究结果表明，临床标本中确定的轮状病毒主要流行株是G1P8和G9P8。多年来，最常见的轮状病毒分离株的流行率观察到显著变化。轮状病毒监测对于确定轮状病毒的流行株以评估疫苗有效性、监测疫苗失败以及检测潜在的新出现菌株很重要。
