Braczkowska Bogumiła, Kowalska Małgorzata, Barański Kamil, Mendera-Bożek Urszula
Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, SUM Katowice, Poland.
State Provincial Sanitary Inspector, Katowice, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017 Jul 17;25(2):224-228. doi: 10.26444/aaem/75928.
Viral hepatitis C remains one of the major health and social problems related to infectious diseases in Poland. The aim of the study was assessment of the registered changes in the incidence of HCV in the Silesian Province of western Poland during the last 10 years, including age, gender and place of residence.
A retrospective analysis was performed of the HCV incidence between 2005-2014 in the Silesian Province. The crude and standardized incidence rates were calculated for males and females in each year. Subsequently, the territorial diversity of the epidemiological situation in the districts was assessed by calculating the average incidence rate over the entire study period.
Incidence rates calculated according to the case definition of 2005 ranged between 5.95/100000 in 2005 to 10.36/100000 in 2014. Analysis of the structure of the incidence showed that during the analyzed period, the majority of hepatitis C cases were related to males (52.5%) rather than females (47.5%), and hepatitis C was more prevalent in younger males (aged 20-49) and older females (aged over 50). After excluding the effect of age, the standardized rates were twice as low, compared to the crude incidence rates.
An increase in the HCV incidence rate was observed in males and females. It is obvious that the detection of additional cases will entail the need to provide funding for the treatment of more patients, which should be included in the map of regional health needs in the coming years. Our study demonstrates the temporal and spatial variability of HCV incidence in the Silesian Province of Poland. The observed increase in the crude and standardized rates suggests that the current registry system of HCV in Poland is more effective now. The current situation is comparable with the data in other EU countries.
丙型病毒性肝炎仍是波兰与传染病相关的主要健康和社会问题之一。本研究的目的是评估波兰西部西里西亚省过去10年丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）发病率的登记变化情况，包括年龄、性别和居住地。
对西里西亚省2005 - 2014年期间的HCV发病率进行回顾性分析。计算每年男性和女性的粗发病率和标准化发病率。随后，通过计算整个研究期间的平均发病率来评估各地区流行病学情况的地域差异。
根据2005年病例定义计算的发病率在2005年为5.95/10万，到2014年为10.36/10万。发病率结构分析表明，在分析期间，大多数丙型肝炎病例与男性（52.5%）相关，而非女性（47.5%），并且丙型肝炎在年轻男性（20 - 49岁）和老年女性（50岁以上）中更为普遍。排除年龄因素影响后，标准化发病率比粗发病率低两倍。
观察到男性和女性的HCV发病率均有所上升。显然，发现更多病例将需要为更多患者的治疗提供资金，这应纳入未来几年的区域卫生需求规划中。我们的研究表明了波兰西里西亚省HCV发病率的时间和空间变异性。观察到的粗发病率和标准化发病率的上升表明波兰目前的HCV登记系统现在更有效。当前情况与其他欧盟国家的数据相当。
