高脂肪饮食中单不饱和脂肪酸与多不饱和脂肪酸对代谢的影响。
Metabolic responses to high-fat diets rich in MUFA v. PUFA.
机构信息
1Department of Foods and Nutrition,University of Georgia,305 Sanford Drive,Athens,GA 30602,USA.
2Department of Nutritional Sciences,Texas Tech University,1301 Akron Street,Lubbock, TX 79409-1270,USA.
出版信息
Br J Nutr. 2018 Jul;120(1):13-22. doi: 10.1017/S0007114518001332.
Dietary fatty acid (FA) composition may influence metabolism, possibly affecting weight management. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 5-d diet rich in PUFA v. MUFA. A total of fifteen normal-weight men participated in a randomised cross-over design with two feeding trials (3 d lead-in diet, pre-diet visit, 5-d PUFA- or MUFA-rich diet, post-diet visit). The 5-d diets (50 % fat) were rich in either PUFA (25 % of energy) or MUFA (25 % of energy). At pre- and post-diet visits, subjects consumed breakfast and lunch test meals, rich in the FA for that 5-d diet. Indirect calorimetry was used for 4 h after each meal. There were no treatment differences in fasting metabolism acutely or after the 5-d diet. For acute meal responses before diet, RER was higher for PUFA v. MUFA (0·86 (sem 0·01) v. 0·84 (sem 0·01), P<0·05), whereas diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) was lower for PUFA v. MUFA (18·91 (SEM 1·46) v. 21·46 (SEM 1·34) kJ, P<0·05). After the 5-d diets, the change in RER was different for PUFA v. MUFA (-0·02 (sem 0·01) v. 0·00 (sem 0·01), P<0·05). Similarly, the change in fat oxidation was greater for PUFA v. MUFA (0·18 (sem 0·07) v. 0·04 (sem 0·06) g, P<0·05). In conclusion, acutely, a MUFA-rich meal results in lower RER and greater DIT. However, after a 5-d high-fat diet, the change in metabolic responses was greater in the PUFA diet, showing the metabolic adaptability of a PUFA-rich diet.
饮食中的脂肪酸（FA）组成可能会影响新陈代谢，从而可能影响体重管理。本研究的目的是比较富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）的 5 天饮食的影响。共有 15 名正常体重的男性参与了一项随机交叉设计的两项喂养试验（3 天导入饮食、预饮食访问、5 天富含 PUFA 或 MUFA 的饮食、后饮食访问）。5 天饮食（50%脂肪）富含 PUFA（25%能量）或 MUFA（25%能量）。在饮食前后的访问中，受试者食用富含 5 天饮食中 FA 的早餐和午餐测试餐。在每餐之后的 4 小时内使用间接热量法进行测量。在禁食代谢方面，急性和 5 天饮食后，两种处理方法没有差异。对于急性餐前反应，与 MUFA 相比，PUFA 的呼吸商更高（0.86（SEM 0.01）比 0.84（SEM 0.01），P<0.05），而饮食诱导的产热（DIT）则更低（18.91（SEM 1.46）比 21.46（SEM 1.34）kJ，P<0.05）。在 5 天饮食后，与 MUFA 相比，PUFA 的呼吸商变化不同（-0.02（SEM 0.01）比 0.00（SEM 0.01），P<0.05）。同样，与 MUFA 相比，PUFA 的脂肪氧化变化更大（0.18（SEM 0.07）比 0.04（SEM 0.06）g，P<0.05）。总之，急性时，富含 MUFA 的膳食导致较低的呼吸商和更大的 DIT。然而，在高脂肪 5 天饮食后，PUFA 饮食的代谢反应变化更大，表明富含 PUFA 的饮食具有代谢适应性。
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