Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Appetite. 2019 Mar 1;134:172-181. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.008. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Modifying the type of dietary fat consumed may impact appetite, therefore having implications in weight management.
To test the effects of a 5-day, high-fat diet rich in poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a diet rich in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) on markers of appetite.
Fifteen normal weight men participated in a randomized cross-over design with two controlled feeding trials (3d lead-in diet, pre-diet visit, 5d PUFA- or MUFA-rich diet, post-diet visit). The 5d diets (50% fat) were rich in either PUFA (25% of energy) or MUFA (25% of energy). At pre- and post-diet visits, subjects consumed breakfast and lunch test meals, rich in the FA corresponding to the 5-day diet. Fasting and postprandial subjective ratings of appetite were determined and blood draws were performed for 4h after each meal to determine changes in appetite hormones. An ad libitum buffet meal was given at the end of pre- and post-diet visits.
Acutely, at the pre-diet visit, the PUFA-rich meal resulted in lower ghrelin (hunger hormone) (iAUC: -350.85 ± 60.70 vs. -233.16 ± 61.42 pg/ml/8h, for PUFA vs. MUFA, respectively; p < 0.05) and higher CCK (satiation hormone) (iAUC: 238.09 ± 46.07 vs. 196.84 ± 33.92 pM/8h, for PUFA vs. MUFA, respectively; p < 0.05). No other acute meal challenge differences were found. The 5d high PUFA diet resulted in lower hunger ratings (iAUC: -172.06 ± 40.59 vs. -274.46 ± 41.47 mm/8h, for pre-to post-diet, respectively; p < 0.05). However, energy intake, ratings of fullness, or PYY did not change from pre-to post-diet for either MUFA or PUFA, and no other changes were observed with the MUFA diet.
Acutely, a PUFA-rich meal results in ghrelin suppression and higher CCK. After a 5-day high-fat diet, PUFAs suppressed postprandial hunger while MUFAs did not change any measures of appetite.
改变所摄入的膳食脂肪类型可能会影响食欲，从而对体重管理产生影响。
测试富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的 5 天高脂肪饮食和富含单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）的饮食对食欲标志物的影响。
15 名正常体重的男性参与了一项随机交叉设计的对照喂养试验（3 天先导饮食、预饮食访问、5 天富含 PUFA 或 MUFA 的饮食、饮食后访问）。5 天的饮食（50%脂肪）富含 PUFA（占能量的 25%）或 MUFA（占能量的 25%）。在预饮食和饮食后访问时，受试者食用富含对应 5 天饮食的 FA 的早餐和午餐测试餐。空腹和餐后主观食欲评分，并在每次餐后 4 小时进行血液采集以确定食欲激素的变化。在预饮食和饮食后访问结束时提供自助餐。
急性，在预饮食访问时，富含 PUFA 的膳食导致较低的 ghrelin（饥饿激素）（iAUC：-350.85±60.70 与 -233.16±61.42 pg/ml/8h，分别为 PUFA 与 MUFA，p<0.05）和更高的 CCK（饱腹感激素）（iAUC：238.09±46.07 与 196.84±33.92 pM/8h，分别为 PUFA 与 MUFA，p<0.05）。没有发现其他急性膳食挑战的差异。5 天高 PUFA 饮食导致较低的饥饿评分（iAUC：-172.06±40.59 与 -274.46±41.47 mm/8h，分别为预饮食至饮食后，p<0.05）。然而，MUFA 或 PUFA 饮食均未导致饮食后能量摄入、饱腹感评分或 PYY 发生变化，也未观察到 MUFA 饮食的其他变化。
急性，富含 PUFA 的膳食会导致胃饥饿素抑制和更高的 CCK。在 5 天高脂肪饮食后，PUFAs 抑制了餐后饥饿感，而 MUFAs 没有改变任何食欲测量。
