糖尿病对合并症（癌症、牙周病、骨折、认知功能障碍和抑郁症）发病率和患病率的影响：日本人群流行病学研究的系统评价。
Contribution of Diabetes to the Incidence and Prevalence of Comorbid Conditions (Cancer, Periodontal Disease, Fracture, Impaired Cognitive Function, and Depression): A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies in Japanese Populations.
机构信息
Diabetes and Metabolism Information Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine.
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo.
出版信息
J Epidemiol. 2019 Jan 5;29(1):1-10. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20170155. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
BACKGROUND
Several epidemiological studies have determined the relationship between diabetes and the incidence and/or prevalence of recently identified comorbid conditions (cancer, periodontal disease, fracture, cognitive impairment, and depression). These relationships may vary by country or race/ethnicity. We aimed to systematically review studies in this field conducted with the Japanese population because such a review in the Japanese population has never been undertaken.
METHODS
We conducted systematic literature searches in PubMed and Ichushi-Web databases for studies published until December 2016. Studies comparing the incidence and/or prevalence of the comorbidities among the Japanese population were included. The studies were classified as integrated analyses, cohort studies, case-control studies, or cross-sectional studies.
RESULTS
We identified 33 studies (cancer: 17, periodontal disease: 5, fracture: 5, cognitive impairment: 4, and depression: 2). Although several cohort studies and meta-analyses had assessed the development of cancer in diabetes, there was scant epidemiological evidence for the other conditions. Indeed, only one cohort study each had been conducted for periodontal disease, fracture, and cognitive impairment, whereas other evidence was cross-sectional, some of which was induced from baseline characteristic tables of studies designed for other purposes.
CONCLUSION
In Japan, there is insufficient evidence about the relationship between diabetes and the incidence/prevalence of periodontal disease, fracture, cognitive impairment, and depression. By contrast, several cohort studies and integrated analyses have been conducted for the relationship with cancer. Further studies should be undertaken to estimate the contribution of diabetes on the incidence/prevalence of comorbidities that may be specific to the Japanese population.
背景
多项流行病学研究已经确定了糖尿病与最近发现的合并症（癌症、牙周病、骨折、认知障碍和抑郁症）的发病率和/或患病率之间的关系。这些关系可能因国家或种族/民族而异。我们旨在对使用日本人群进行的该领域研究进行系统综述，因为在日本人群中从未进行过此类综述。
方法
我们在 PubMed 和 Ichushi-Web 数据库中进行了系统文献检索，以查找截至 2016 年 12 月发表的研究。纳入比较日本人群中合并症发病率和/或患病率的研究。研究分为综合分析、队列研究、病例对照研究或横断面研究。
结果
我们确定了 33 项研究（癌症：17 项，牙周病：5 项，骨折：5 项，认知障碍：4 项，抑郁症：2 项）。虽然有几项队列研究和荟萃分析评估了糖尿病患者癌症的发展情况，但其他情况的流行病学证据很少。事实上，仅对牙周病、骨折和认知障碍进行了一项队列研究，而其他证据是横断面的，其中一些是从为其他目的设计的研究的基线特征表中推断出来的。
结论
在日本，关于糖尿病与牙周病、骨折、认知障碍和抑郁症发病率/患病率之间关系的证据不足。相比之下，已经进行了几项关于与癌症关系的队列研究和综合分析。应该进行进一步的研究，以评估糖尿病对可能特定于日本人群的合并症发病率/患病率的影响。
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