Abbasi Muhammad Ammad, Malik Saqib, Ali Khurshid
Department of Cardiology, Punjab Institute of Cardiology Lahore, *Department of Medicine Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2018 Apr-Jun;30(2):229-223.
The long-term cardiovascular health risks associated with cigarette smoking are well established. It is a major risk factor for all manifestations of coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Patients with acute coronary syndrome, who quit smoking, reduce their risk of cardiovascular events immediately and significantly when compared to those who continue smoking. The study was conducted to determine the frequency of smoking cessation after counselling in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Patients of age 35-80 years of either gender presenting with Acute coronary syndrome presented in emergency within 12 hours of symptoms having history of smoking (>1pack year for >5 years) were included in the study. A total 225 patients were enrolled in the study from emergency of Punjab institute of cardiology, Lahore for the duration of six months. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Their demographic information was also noted. Then patients under went counselling session with researcher himself in presence of psychiatrist from Department of Psychiatry, Services hospital, Lahore. After admitting patients in ward, patients received standard in-hospital treatment for smoking cessation which consisted of an assessment of their smoking behaviour and a personalized brief quit advice. Then patients were followed-up for 12 weeks. On weekly visit, patients were counselled for smoking cessation. After 12 weeks, patients were assessed for cessation of smoking.
Smoking cessation was seen in only 37 (16.4%) in ACS patients. Highest frequency of smoking cessation was seen in patients >65 years of age, i.e., 35.1%. Highest frequency for smoking cessation was seen in patients whose BMI was <30 (70.3%), patients with low socioeconomic status (45.9%) and patients with educational status as under matric (40.5%). None of these factors were significantly associated with smoking cessation in patients who presented with ACS.
Results of this study demonstrate low frequency of smoking cessation among patients presenting with ACS. However, there is a strong need to identify those factors that were associated with failure to reduce smoking.
吸烟与长期心血管健康风险之间的关联已得到充分证实。吸烟是冠心病、中风和外周血管疾病所有表现形式的主要危险因素。与继续吸烟的急性冠脉综合征患者相比，戒烟的急性冠脉综合征患者可立即且显著降低心血管事件风险。本研究旨在确定急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者接受咨询后戒烟的频率。
纳入年龄在35 - 80岁、有吸烟史（>5年，每天>1包）、因急性冠脉综合征在症状出现12小时内到急诊科就诊的患者。在拉合尔旁遮普心脏病学研究所急诊科进行了为期6个月的研究，共纳入225例患者。所有患者均获得知情同意，并记录其人口统计学信息。然后，患者在拉合尔服务医院精神科的一名精神科医生在场的情况下，由研究者本人进行咨询。患者入院后，接受标准的院内戒烟治疗，包括对其吸烟行为的评估和个性化简短戒烟建议。然后对患者进行12周的随访。每周就诊时，对患者进行戒烟咨询。12周后，评估患者的戒烟情况。
ACS患者中仅有37例（16.4%）戒烟。年龄>65岁的患者戒烟频率最高，即35.1%。BMI<30的患者（70.3%）、社会经济地位低的患者（45.9%）以及学历在中学以下的患者（40.5%）戒烟频率最高。在患有ACS的患者中，这些因素均与戒烟无显著关联。
本研究结果表明，ACS患者的戒烟频率较低。然而，迫切需要确定那些与未能减少吸烟相关的因素。
