Temkin Robert J, McMillan Donald B
Department of Zoology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7.
J Morphol. 1986 Oct;190(1):9-26. doi: 10.1002/jmor.1051900103.
The head kidney and spleen are major sites of haemopoiesis in fish; a secondary center is found in loose connective tissue of the intestine. In this study we determined the nature of gut-associated haemopoietic tissue in the goldfish, Carassius auratus, using light and electron microscopy. This tissue is a loose stroma of reticular cells and fibers vascularized by capillaries, venules, and arterioles. The cellular population includes lymphoblasts, small and medium-sized lymphocytes, plasmocytes, macrophages, and various granulocytes. The most abundant granulocyte is the mast cell, whose large granules stain with Alcian blue and toluidine blue. Heterophils are found in the intestinal connective tissue as well as two other granulocytes: one with ovoid granules having dense parallel lamellae and another with granules containing crystalline inclusions. Immature forms of both granulocytes were also noted. Macrophages containing phagocytosed debris were often located close to the epithelium; they were observed forming clusters with lymphocytes. The epithelium contained a number of migrating leucocytes including lymphocytes and lymphoblasts, macrophages, and heterophils. Although many granulocytes were found in the connective tissue, granulopoiesis does not seem to be a major function. Gut-associated haemopoietic tissue in goldfish resembles diffuse lymphoid tissue and may be involved in intestinal immune responses.
头肾和脾脏是鱼类造血的主要部位；在肠道的疏松结缔组织中发现了一个次要造血中心。在本研究中，我们使用光学显微镜和电子显微镜确定了金鱼（Carassius auratus）肠道相关造血组织的性质。该组织是由网状细胞和纤维构成的疏松基质，由毛细血管、小静脉和小动脉供血。细胞群体包括淋巴母细胞、中小型淋巴细胞、浆细胞、巨噬细胞和各种粒细胞。最丰富的粒细胞是肥大细胞，其大颗粒用阿尔辛蓝和甲苯胺蓝染色。在肠道结缔组织中发现了嗜异性粒细胞以及另外两种粒细胞：一种粒细胞的卵圆形颗粒具有密集的平行板层，另一种粒细胞的颗粒含有晶体包涵体。还注意到了这两种粒细胞的不成熟形式。含有吞噬碎片的巨噬细胞通常位于靠近上皮的位置；观察到它们与淋巴细胞形成簇。上皮中含有许多迁移的白细胞，包括淋巴细胞、淋巴母细胞、巨噬细胞和嗜异性粒细胞。尽管在结缔组织中发现了许多粒细胞，但粒细胞生成似乎不是主要功能。金鱼的肠道相关造血组织类似于弥散淋巴组织，可能参与肠道免疫反应。
