Post-graduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Agronomy, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Sep;25(25):25143-25154. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2571-4. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
In this work, fodder radish seed cake (FRSC) was pyrolyzed in a rotary kiln reactor at 0, 3, and 6 rpm, at final temperature of 500 °C. Maximum biochar yield was observed at 0 rpm (≈ 26 wt.%). Increase of the rotary speed decreased the volatile matter content and increased the ash content of the biochars. Biochars exhibited alkaline pH (≈ 9.0), low electrical conductivity (< 105.6 dS m), and high cation exchange capacity (69 to 78 cmol kg), as well as high nitrogen contents (≈ 80 g kg). FTIR analysis presented biochars with similar spectra, with carboxyl and carbonyl groups within the structure, along with aromatic rings and nitrogen containing functions (amides). Biochar incubation experiments in an acrisol at different biochar doses (5 g L soil to 40 g L soil) were performed in order to evaluate changes in soil fertility parameters caused by FRSC biochar application. Results indicated that most of macro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and micronutrients (S, Cu, Zn, Mn, B, Na) increased with increase of the dosage, along with the decrease in Al and H+ Al contents. An increase in pH (from 4.25 to 5.33) was also observed, in electric conductivity (from 30.0 to 45.7 dS m), and a decrease in soil real density (from 3.67 to 2.99 kg L) at the dosage of 40 g char L soil.
在这项工作中，饲料萝卜籽饼（FRSC）在旋转窑反应器中于 0、3 和 6 rpm 下，在 500°C 的最终温度下进行热解。在 0 rpm 时观察到最大生物炭产率（约 26wt%）。旋转速度的增加降低了挥发分含量，增加了生物炭的灰分含量。生物炭表现出碱性 pH（约 9.0）、低电导率（<105.6 dS m）和高阳离子交换容量（69 至 78 cmol kg）以及高氮含量（约 80 g kg）。FTIR 分析表明生物炭具有相似的光谱，结构中存在羧基和羰基，以及芳环和含氮官能团（酰胺）。为了评估 FRSC 生物炭应用对土壤肥力参数的影响，在不同生物炭剂量（5 g L 土壤至 40 g L 土壤）下在 Acrisol 中进行了生物炭孵育实验。结果表明，大多数大量元素（N、P、K、Ca、Mg）和微量元素（S、Cu、Zn、Mn、B、Na）随着剂量的增加而增加，同时 Al 和 H+Al 含量减少。还观察到 pH 值（从 4.25 增加到 5.33）、电导率（从 30.0 增加到 45.7 dS m）和土壤实际密度（从 3.67 增加到 2.99 kg L）的降低，在 40 g 生物炭 L 土壤的剂量下。
