Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Service, Departments of Medicine, and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Pinney Associates Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Prev Med. 2018 Dec;117:5-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.06.012. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
Nicotine addiction is the proximate cause of disease and death from cigarette smoking. In 1994, we proposed reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes to non-addicting levels to reduce the risk of youth becoming addicted smokers and promoting quitting in established smokers. In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act provided the authority to FDA to reduce nicotine levels as appropriate to benefit public health. Over the past 15 years, considerable research has determined that nicotine reduction is feasible and safe, resulting in reduced nicotine dependence with little evidence of compensatory over-smoking. The availability of acceptable non-combusted form of nicotine would provide support and enhance acceptability of nicotine reduction in tobacco. Most recently, the FDA promulgated a nicotine-based regulatory framework, which includes nicotine reduction combined with ready availability of noncombustible nicotine products. Nicotine reduction could contribute to a virtual end to the use of cigarette smoking, with enormous benefits to public health.
尼古丁成瘾是导致吸烟相关疾病和死亡的直接原因。1994 年，我们提出将香烟中的尼古丁含量降低至非成瘾水平，以降低青少年成为成瘾吸烟者的风险，并促进已吸烟者戒烟。2009 年，《家庭吸烟预防及烟草控制法案》赋予 FDA 适当降低尼古丁含量以促进公众健康的权力。在过去的 15 年里，大量研究已经确定降低尼古丁含量是可行且安全的，这导致尼古丁依赖的减少，几乎没有证据表明会出现过度补偿性吸烟。可接受的非燃烧形式的尼古丁的出现将为烟草中的尼古丁减少提供支持，并提高其可接受性。最近，FDA 颁布了一项基于尼古丁的监管框架，其中包括降低尼古丁含量和提供非燃烧尼古丁产品的便捷获取途径。尼古丁减少可能会导致香烟使用的实际终结，从而为公众健康带来巨大益处。
