Li Hui, Liu Xiaoxia, Liu Xiaoming, Michaud J P, Zhi Haijian, Li Kai, Li Xiangrui, Li Zhen
Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays, KS.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Sep 26;111(5):2017-2023. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy165.
Coevolutionary interactions between pathogens and their insect vectors can dramatically impact the fitness of herbivorous insects and patterns of plant disease transmission. Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a common disease in soybean production worldwide. Infected seed is the primary source of inoculum in fields and the virus is secondarily spread among plants by the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in a nonpersistent manner. In this study, we compared the biological fitness of A. glycines colonizing both SMV-infected and uninfected soybean plants. Aphids feeding on SMV-infected soybean seedlings were significantly smaller and lighter than those feeding on uninfected plants across life stages. SMV infection caused delayed development of aphid nymphs on soybean seedlings, but this was more than compensated by a reduction in the pre-reproductive period of apterous adults. The fecundity of A. glycines was reduced when feeding on SMV-infected seedlings, resulting in a lower reproductive rate, a longer generation time, and a slower population doubling time. A smaller proportion of aphid offspring developed into alatae when feeding on SMV-infected soybean seedling, and these took longer to mature than their counterparts on uninfected plants. We infer that SMV infection has significantly negative effects on the biological performance of A. glycines, which may be consistent with the long-term coevolution of SMV, soybean, and A. glycines in the transmission cycle of SMV.
病原体与其昆虫传播媒介之间的协同进化相互作用会极大地影响植食性昆虫的适应性以及植物病害的传播模式。大豆花叶病毒（SMV）是全球大豆生产中的常见病害。带菌种子是田间接种体的主要来源，该病毒其次通过大豆蚜（Aphis glycines Matsumura，半翅目：蚜科）以非持久性方式在植株间传播。在本研究中，我们比较了定殖于感染SMV和未感染SMV大豆植株上的大豆蚜的生物学适应性。在整个生命周期中，取食感染SMV大豆幼苗的蚜虫显著小于且轻于取食未感染植株的蚜虫。SMV感染导致大豆幼苗上蚜虫若虫发育延迟，但无翅成虫繁殖前期的缩短对此进行了更多补偿。取食感染SMV幼苗时，大豆蚜的繁殖力降低，导致繁殖率降低、世代时间延长和种群加倍时间变慢。取食感染SMV大豆幼苗时，发育为有翅蚜的蚜虫后代比例较小，且这些有翅蚜比取食未感染植株的有翅蚜成熟所需时间更长。我们推断，SMV感染对大豆蚜的生物学表现具有显著负面影响，这可能与SMV、大豆和大豆蚜在SMV传播循环中的长期协同进化一致。
