Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
Integrated Center for Advanced Medical Technologies, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Jun 27;18(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s12884-018-1911-1.
Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is considered to be associated with favorable fetal outcomes, such as a decreased risk for spontaneous abortion. However, the relationship between NVP and preterm births remains unknown. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between NVP and the risk of preterm births.
The dataset of a birth cohort study, the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), was retrospectively reviewed. Participants' experience of NVP prior to 12 gestational weeks were evaluated by a questionnaire administered from 22 weeks of pregnancy to 1 month before delivery. NVP responses were elicited against four choices based on which the study population was divided into four subcohorts. Preterm birth was the main study outcome. Logistic regression analysis was used to quantify an association between NVP and risk of preterm birth.
Of 96,056 women, 79,460 (82.7%) experienced some symptoms of NVP and 10,518 (10.9%) experienced severe NVP. Compared to those who did not experience NVP, women with severe NVP had lower odds for preterm birth [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.84, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.74-0.95]. An even lower OR was found among very preterm birth and extremely preterm birth (aOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.29-0.65).
An inverse association exists between NVP and preterm births, especially, very preterm births and extremely preterm births.
妊娠恶心和呕吐（NVP）被认为与良好的胎儿结局相关，例如自然流产的风险降低。然而，NVP 与早产之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估 NVP 与早产风险之间的关系。
回顾性分析了出生队列研究（日本环境与儿童研究，JECS）的数据集。在妊娠 22 周到分娩前 1 个月期间，通过问卷调查评估参与者在 12 孕周之前的 NVP 经历。根据四个选项，NVP 反应将研究人群分为四个亚组。早产是主要研究结局。使用逻辑回归分析来量化 NVP 与早产风险之间的关联。
在 96056 名女性中，79460 名（82.7%）经历了一些 NVP 症状，10518 名（10.9%）经历了严重 NVP。与未经历 NVP 的女性相比，经历严重 NVP 的女性早产的几率较低[调整后的优势比（aOR）0.84，95%置信区间（95%CI）0.74-0.95]。极早产和超早产（aOR 0.44，95%CI 0.29-0.65）的 OR 甚至更低。
NVP 与早产之间存在负相关关系，尤其是极早产和超早产。
