Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St. Clair Street, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2018 Oct;18(5):884-901. doi: 10.3758/s13415-018-0611-7.
Ruminative thinking is related to an increased risk for major depressive disorder (MDD) and perpetuates negative mood states. Rumination, uncontrollable negative thoughts about the self, may comprise both reflective and brooding components. However, only brooding rumination is consistently associated with increased negativity bias and negative coping styles, while reflective rumination has a less clear relationship with negative outcomes in healthy and depressed participants. The current study examined seed-to-voxel (S2.V) resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in a sample of healthy (HC) and depressed (MDD) adult women (HC: n=50, MDD: n=33). The S2V FC of six key brain regions, including the left and right amygdala, anterior and posterior cingulate cortex (ACC, PCC), and medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (mPFC, dlPFC), was correlated with self-reported reflective and brooding rumination. Results indicate that HC and MDD participants had increased brooding rumination associated with decreased FC between the left amygdala and the right temporal pole. Moreover, reflective rumination was associated with distinct FC of the mPFC, PCC, and ACC with parietal, occipital, and cingulate regions. Depressed participants, compared with HC, exhibited decreased FC between the PCC and a region in the right middle frontal gyrus. The results of the current study add to the understanding of the neural underpinnings of different forms of self-related cognition-brooding and reflective rumination-in healthy and depressed women.
沉思性思维与重度抑郁症（MDD）的风险增加有关，并使负面情绪状态持续存在。沉思，即对自身的不可控的消极想法，可能包含反思和沉思两个组成部分。然而，只有沉思性的反刍与增加的负面偏见和消极应对方式有关，而在健康和抑郁的参与者中，反思性反刍与负面结果的关系不太明确。本研究在健康（HC）和抑郁（MDD）成年女性（HC：n=50，MDD：n=33）样本中检查了种子到体素（S2.V）静息状态功能连接（FC）。六个关键脑区的 S2V FC，包括左、右杏仁核、前、后扣带回皮层（ACC、PCC）以及内侧和背外侧前额叶皮层（mPFC、dlPFC），与自我报告的反思性和沉思性反刍有关。结果表明，HC 和 MDD 参与者的沉思性反刍增加与左杏仁核与右颞极之间的 FC 降低有关。此外，反射性反刍与 mPFC、PCC 和 ACC 与顶叶、枕叶和扣带回区域的独特 FC 有关。与 HC 相比，抑郁参与者的 PCC 与右额中回的一个区域之间的 FC 降低。本研究的结果增加了对不同形式的自我相关认知——沉思和反思性反刍——在健康和抑郁女性中的神经基础的理解。
