Grazhdani H, David E, Ventura Spagnolo O, Buemi F, Perri A, Orsogna N, Gigli S, Chimenz R
Associazione dei Cavalieri Italiani Sovrano Ordine Militare di Malta, Poliambulatorio Roma Eur, Rome, Italy.
Radiology Unit, Papardo Hospital, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 98158, Contrada Papardo, Messina, ME, Italy.
J Ultrasound. 2018 Sep;21(3):173-182. doi: 10.1007/s40477-018-0304-7. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
Diagnostic ultrasound (US) images can be obtained from a quality device, in optimal working conditions, combined with the capable actions of the operator in tweaking the equipment's characteristics. The quality assurance (QA) is the topic of this review article, and it is addressed in an US practice through proper selection of the equipment when purchasing, and through care and preventive maintenance of the machine for ensuring accurate performance. For optimal US system functioning, QA steps carried out on the basis of a scheduled program are needed in any US practice or department. It is critical to confirm in a semiannual or annual basis that the image quality is maintained according to standards and any subtle change in equipment's functioning is detected and amended at an early stage. The use of test objects (also called US testing phantoms) is required above the basic level of QA testing. The scope of this review article is to inform the US user about necessary QA knowledge and at the same time, present the state of the art of the most suitable test methods for US QA. We referred to relevant publications, selected after performing a systematic literature search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE databases, and also to the standards established by authoritative international societies.
诊断超声（US）图像可以通过优质设备在最佳工作条件下获得，同时操作人员具备调整设备特性的能力。质量保证（QA）是本文的主题，在美国的实践中，通过购买设备时的正确选择以及对机器的保养和预防性维护来确保准确性能。为了使超声系统发挥最佳功能，任何超声实践或科室都需要按照预定程序进行质量保证步骤。至关重要的是，要每半年或每年确认一次图像质量是否符合标准，并在早期检测并修正设备功能的任何细微变化。除了基本的质量保证测试水平外，还需要使用测试对象（也称为超声测试体模）。本文的范围是向超声用户介绍必要的质量保证知识，同时展示最适合超声质量保证的测试方法的最新状态。我们参考了相关出版物，这些出版物是在对MEDLINE、EMBASE和COCHRANE数据库进行系统文献检索后选定的，同时也参考了权威国际协会制定的标准。
