Goldberg Lisa R, Gould Thomas J
Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, 219 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA, 16801, USA.
Eur J Neurosci. 2019 Aug;50(3):2453-2466. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14060. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
Addictions are highly heritable disorders, with heritability estimates ranging from 39% to 72%. Multiple studies suggest a link between paternal drug abuse and addiction in their children. However, patterns of inheritance cannot be explained purely by Mendelian genetic mechanisms. Exposure to drugs of abuse results in epigenetic changes that may be passed on through the germline. This mechanism of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance may provide a link between paternal drug exposure and addiction susceptibility in the offspring. Recent studies have begun to investigate the effect of paternal drug exposure on behavioral and neurobiological phenotypes in offspring of drug-exposed fathers in rodent models. This review aims to discuss behavioral and neural effects of paternal exposure to alcohol, cocaine, opioids, and nicotine. Although a special focus will be on addiction-relevant behaviors, additional behavioral effects including cognition, anxiety, and depressive-like behaviors will be discussed.
成瘾是高度可遗传的疾病，遗传度估计范围为39%至72%。多项研究表明，父亲药物滥用与子女成瘾之间存在联系。然而，遗传模式不能单纯用孟德尔遗传机制来解释。接触滥用药物会导致表观遗传变化，这些变化可能通过种系传递。这种表观遗传跨代遗传机制可能为父亲药物接触与后代成瘾易感性之间提供一种联系。最近的研究已开始在啮齿动物模型中研究父亲药物接触对药物暴露父亲的后代行为和神经生物学表型的影响。本综述旨在讨论父亲接触酒精、可卡因、阿片类药物和尼古丁的行为和神经影响。虽然将特别关注与成瘾相关的行为，但也将讨论包括认知、焦虑和抑郁样行为在内的其他行为影响。
