Kinoshita Yuka
Division of Nephrology & Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2018;28(7):933-939.
Incretins are gastro-intestinal hormones released from enteroendocrine cells in response to food intake. Incretins such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide(GIP)and glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)modulate glucose homeostasis by regulating glucose-dependent insulin release from pancreatic βcells. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4)inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists are incretin-based drugs that have been used for the management of hyperglycemia and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although experimental studies have shown that incretin improves bone quality and increases bone mass in rodents, further studies are necessary to clarify the effect of incretin-based drugs on bone mineral density and risk of fractures in humans.
肠促胰岛素是胃肠道激素，由肠内分泌细胞在摄入食物后释放。诸如葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽（GIP）和胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）等肠促胰岛素通过调节胰腺β细胞释放葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素来调节葡萄糖稳态。二肽基肽酶-4（DPP-4）抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂是以肠促胰岛素为基础的药物，已被用于治疗2型糖尿病患者的高血糖和肥胖症。尽管实验研究表明肠促胰岛素可改善啮齿动物的骨质量并增加骨量，但仍需进一步研究以阐明基于肠促胰岛素的药物对人体骨矿物质密度和骨折风险的影响。
