Wang Ziheng, An Guanghui, Zhang Wanting, Yang Guang
Chinese Center of Exercise Epidemiology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
School of Humanities and Law, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 May;59(5):880-885. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08025-8. Epub 2018 Jun 27.
The physical and mental health of college students tends to continuously decline worldwide. Thus, improving their health is necessary. Jazz dance may be one of the effective exercises to improve one's health. However, the effect of jazz dance exercise on different physical fitness level and whether the intensity of jazz dance exercises can improve physical and mental health simultaneously and efficiently need to be investigated. In this study, we systematically assessed the effect of jazz dance on physical and mental health of college students by a rigorous randomized, parallel-controlled design.
An experimental study including 90 Chinese female college students (junior and senior) was performed. They completed an 8-week jazz dance class (two times/week for 70 min per session). Data on psychological status were obtained using the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale after every class. Based on the Japanese national physical fitness test method, we identified the body weight and Body Mass Index and the students performed 30-s sit ups, standing long jump, 20s repeated across the body, and seated forward flexion to determine their physical fitness at baseline and after 8 weeks. Repeated measures analyses of variance and paired samples t-tests were used to compare the means of the participants' data.
Differences in the mean of mental health scores over time were significant and showed an increasing trend (P<0.005) in all groups. Physical fitness showed an increasing trend in the low fitness level group. Most of the variables decreased slightly in the high fitness level group; however, flexibility significantly decreased.
Among the participants with different physical fitness, a similar training has different training effects. This study demonstrates that appropriate training intensity and content are vital to improve physical and mental health.
在全球范围内，大学生的身心健康状况呈持续下降趋势。因此，改善他们的健康状况很有必要。爵士舞可能是改善健康的有效运动之一。然而，爵士舞锻炼对不同身体素质水平的影响以及爵士舞锻炼强度能否同时有效地改善身心健康仍有待研究。在本研究中，我们通过严格的随机平行对照设计，系统地评估了爵士舞对大学生身心健康的影响。
对90名中国女大学生（大三和大四）进行了一项实验研究。她们参加了为期8周的爵士舞课程（每周两次，每次70分钟）。每次课后使用主观运动体验量表获取心理状态数据。根据日本国民体质测试方法，我们测量了体重和体重指数，并让学生进行30秒仰卧起坐、立定跳远、20秒全身反复侧移以及坐位体前屈测试，以确定她们在基线和8周后的身体素质。采用重复测量方差分析和配对样本t检验来比较参与者数据的均值。
心理健康得分均值随时间的差异具有显著性，且所有组均呈上升趋势（P<0.005）。低身体素质水平组的身体素质呈上升趋势。高身体素质水平组的大多数变量略有下降；然而，柔韧性显著下降。
在不同身体素质的参与者中，相同的训练会产生不同的训练效果。本研究表明，适当的训练强度和内容对于改善身心健康至关重要。
