改善社区居住老年人日常生活活动能力的职业治疗干预措施：一项系统综述。
Occupational Therapy Interventions to Improve Activities of Daily Living for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Liu Chiung-Ju, Chang Wen-Pin, Chang Megan C
机构信息
Chiung-ju Liu, PhD, OTR, is Associate Professor, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis;
Wen-Pin Chang, PhD, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Autism Parent Care, Carmel, IN, and was Visiting Faculty, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, at the time this article was written.
出版信息
Am J Occup Ther. 2018 Jul/Aug;72(4):7204190060p1-7204190060p11. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.031252.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aimed to synthesize the effects of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to improve performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) in community-dwelling older adults.
METHOD
Searches were conducted in CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and OTseeker. Empirical studies published between 1995 and 2015 were individually screened and appraised by two reviewers.
RESULTS
Forty-three studies met the review inclusion and exclusion criteria. Physical exercise was the most common intervention approach. Physical exercise interventions for frail older adults showed a moderate benefit, but no benefits were found for older adults without noticeable difficulty in ADLs. For older adults with difficulty in ADLs, there was a high benefit of using home-based intervention.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this systematic review highlight the importance of addressing older adults' living environment in intervention to promote independence in ADLs.
目的
本系统评价旨在综合职业治疗范围内的干预措施对改善社区居住老年人日常生活活动（ADL）表现的效果。
方法
在护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、考克兰系统评价数据库、医学索引数据库（MEDLINE）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycINFO）和职业治疗搜索数据库（OTseeker）中进行检索。由两名评审员分别对1995年至2015年间发表的实证研究进行筛选和评估。
结果
43项研究符合本评价的纳入和排除标准。体育锻炼是最常见的干预方法。针对体弱老年人的体育锻炼干预显示出中度益处，但对于日常生活活动没有明显困难的老年人未发现益处。对于日常生活活动有困难的老年人，采用居家干预有很大益处。
结论
本系统评价的结果突出了在干预中解决老年人生活环境问题以促进日常生活活动独立性的重要性。
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