Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 157 Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Sep;125:44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.011. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
The phagocyte NADPH oxidase is a multi subunit protein complex that generates reactive oxygen species at cell membranes and within phagosomes. It is essential for host defence as evidenced by the severe immunodeficiency syndrome caused by a loss of one of the subunits. This is known as chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). However, the phagocyte NADPH oxidase also has a key role to play in regulating immunity and it is notable that chronic granulomatous disease is also characterised by autoimmune and autoinflammatory manifestations. This is because reactive oxygen species play a role in regulating signalling through their ability to post-translationally modify amino acid residues such as cysteine and methionine. In this review, I will outline the major aspects of innate immunity that are regulated by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, including control of transcription, autophagy, the inflammasome and type 1 interferon signalling.
吞噬细胞 NADPH 氧化酶是一种多亚基蛋白复合物，可在细胞膜和吞噬体内部生成活性氧物质。它对于宿主防御至关重要，因为缺失其中一个亚基会导致严重的免疫缺陷综合征，这种疾病被称为慢性肉芽肿病（CGD）。然而，吞噬细胞 NADPH 氧化酶在调节免疫方面也起着关键作用，值得注意的是，慢性肉芽肿病也以自身免疫和自身炎症表现为特征。这是因为活性氧物质能够通过翻译后修饰半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸等氨基酸残基来调节信号转导，从而发挥作用。在这篇综述中，我将概述吞噬细胞 NADPH 氧化酶调节的先天免疫的主要方面，包括转录控制、自噬、炎性体和 I 型干扰素信号转导。
