Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Institute of Hospital and Health Care Management, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Addict Behav. 2018 Dec;87:55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.020. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
The study aims to (i) identify the evolving profile of endorsed alcohol expectancies (AEs) during the transition from late childhood into early adolescence, and (ii) examine the connection between such profiles and subsequent alcohol drinking and purchasing in adolescence.
A prospective cohort of 928 sixth graders was recruited from 17 elementary schools in northern Taiwan in 2006 with follow-ups conducted in seventh and eighth grade. Information concerning AEs, individual characteristics, and social attributes were collected by self-administered questionnaires at baseline and in seventh grade; drinking behaviors and alcohol purchasing were assessed in eighth grade. Longitudinal latent profile and survey regression analyses were used to evaluate association estimates.
Three distinct profiles of positive AEs were identified: stably low (37%), stably high (35%), and increasing (28%). Regardless of childhood-onset alcohol experience, endorsing the stably high-profile AEs was associated with increased drinking occasions (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.24-1.80), and having the increasing-profile AEs may elevate the likelihood of alcohol purchase in adolescence (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.33-4.96). Additionally, parental drinking was the most influential social factor for drinking occasions (aRR = 1.43) whereas peer drinking was prominent for alcohol purchasing (aOR = 3.06).
The evolving profile of alcohol expectancy in late childhood may predict alcohol drinking occasion and purchasing behaviors in adolescence. Underage drinking prevention efforts should target not only pro-alcohol social environments but also cognitive constructs (e.g., alcohol expectancy).
本研究旨在：(i) 确定从儿童晚期向青少年早期过渡期间，被认可的酒精期望（AE）的演变特征；(ii) 检验这些特征与青少年时期的饮酒和购酒行为之间的联系。
2006 年，我们从台湾北部的 17 所小学招募了 928 名六年级学生作为前瞻性队列研究对象，并在七年级和八年级进行随访。在基线和七年级时，通过自填式问卷收集 AE、个体特征和社会属性方面的信息；在八年级时评估饮酒行为和酒精购买情况。采用纵向潜在剖面和调查回归分析评估关联估计。
确定了三种不同的正 AE 特征剖面：稳定低度（37%）、稳定高度（35%）和增加（28%）。无论儿童期开始饮酒的情况如何，认可高稳定 AE 特征与增加的饮酒次数有关（调整后的相对风险 [aRR] = 1.49，95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.24-1.80），具有增加 AE 特征可能会增加青少年时期购买酒精的可能性（调整后的优势比 [aOR] = 2.57，95%CI = 1.33-4.96）。此外，父母饮酒是饮酒次数最重要的社会影响因素（aRR = 1.43），而同伴饮酒对酒精购买行为的影响更为显著（aOR = 3.06）。
儿童晚期酒精期望的演变特征可能预测青少年时期的饮酒次数和购买行为。未成年饮酒预防工作不仅应针对促进饮酒的社会环境，还应针对认知结构（如酒精期望）。
