International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kasarani, Nairobi, Kenya; email:
Queen's University Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2018 Aug 25;56:381-403. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-045833. Epub 2018 Jun 29.
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a region beset with challenges, not least its ability to feed itself. Low agricultural productivity, exploding populations, and escalating urbanization have led to declining per capita food availability. In order to reverse this trend, crop production systems must intensify, which brings with it an elevated threat from pests and diseases, including plant-parasitic nematodes. A holistic systems approach to pest management recognizes disciplinary integration. However, a critical under-representation of nematology expertise is a pivotal shortcoming, especially given the magnitude of the threat nematodes pose under more intensified systems. With more volatile climates, efficient use of water by healthy root systems is especially crucial. Within SSA, smallholder farming systems dominate the agricultural landscape, where a limited understanding of nematode problems prevails. This review provides a synopsis of current nematode challenges facing SSA and presents the opportunities to overcome current shortcomings, including a means to increase nematology capacity.
撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）面临着诸多挑战，其中最严峻的是养活自己的能力。农业生产力低下、人口爆炸式增长和城市化进程加速导致人均粮食供应不断减少。为了扭转这一趋势，作物生产系统必须集约化，这带来了更高的病虫害威胁，包括植物寄生线虫。害虫综合治理的整体系统方法认识到学科的整合。然而，线虫学专业知识的严重不足是一个关键的缺陷，尤其是考虑到在更加集约化的系统下，线虫构成的威胁的巨大程度。随着气候更加不稳定，健康根系对水的有效利用尤为关键。在 SSA，小农种植系统占据着农业景观的主导地位，而对线虫问题的了解有限。本综述概述了 SSA 当前面临的线虫挑战，并提出了克服当前不足的机会，包括增加线虫学能力的手段。
