Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2018 Aug;128:30-42. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.05.011. Epub 2018 May 18.
Treatments for gynecological cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. However, overall survival is not improved, and novel approaches are needed. Immunotherapy has been proven efficacious in various types of cancers and multiple approaches have been recently developed. Since numerous gynecological cancers are associated to human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, therapeutic vaccines, targeting HPV epitopes, have been developed. The advancing understanding of the immune system, regulatory pathways and tumor microenvironment have produced a major interest in immune checkpoint blockade, Indeed, immune checkpoint molecules are important clinical targets in a wide variety of tumors, including gynecological. In this review, we will describe the immunotherapeutic targets and modalities available and review the most recent immunotherapeutic clinical trials in the context of gynecological cancers. The synergic results obtained from the combination of HPV therapeutic vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or immune checkpoint inhibitors, may underlie the potential for a novel therapeutic scenario for these tumors.
妇科癌症的治疗包括手术、化疗和放疗。然而，整体存活率并没有提高，因此需要新的方法。免疫疗法已被证明在多种癌症中有效，并且最近已经开发出多种方法。由于许多妇科癌症与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染有关，因此已经开发出针对 HPV 表位的治疗性疫苗。对免疫系统、调节途径和肿瘤微环境的深入了解，使得免疫检查点阻断成为一个主要的研究热点。事实上，免疫检查点分子是包括妇科肿瘤在内的多种肿瘤的重要临床靶点。在这篇综述中，我们将描述现有的免疫治疗靶点和方法，并回顾妇科癌症免疫治疗的最新临床试验。HPV 治疗性疫苗与放疗、化疗或免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用所获得的协同结果，可能为这些肿瘤提供一种新的治疗方案。
