Suzuki Yasuchika, Kizuka Tokushi
Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jun 29;8(1):9836. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28145-y.
Surface reconstructions are caused by structural stabilization resulting from the modulation of surface atomic positions. Studies on surface reconstruction have been conducted for substantially large surfaces, rather than at the size of reconstructed surface unit cells. Hence, well-known surface reconstruction manners may not be applicable for the surfaces of nanometer-sized isolated crystals, such as nanoclusters, nanowires and nanotubes. This is because they have high surface area-to-interior volume ratios exceeding several tens of percent, and their surface structures significantly affect the stabilization of their entire structures. In this study, we demonstrate the inherent surface reconstruction of gold nanowires via nanosecond-pulsed electromigration with the application of tensile stresses. The results lead to evolutions in basic studies relating to surface reconstruction and nanostructures and in applications of nanowires, for which stabilization is essential when they are used in extremely miniaturized integrated circuits for next-generation electronics.
表面重构是由表面原子位置调制引起的结构稳定化所导致的。关于表面重构的研究大多是针对相当大的表面进行的，而非在重构表面晶胞尺寸下开展。因此，众所周知的表面重构方式可能不适用于纳米尺寸的孤立晶体表面，如纳米团簇、纳米线和纳米管。这是因为它们具有超过几十%的高表面积与内部体积比，并且其表面结构显著影响其整体结构的稳定性。在本研究中，我们通过施加拉应力的纳秒脉冲电迁移展示了金纳米线固有的表面重构。这些结果推动了与表面重构和纳米结构相关的基础研究以及纳米线应用方面的进展，对于纳米线在下一代电子学的极小型化集成电路中使用时，稳定性至关重要。
