Metwally Ibrahim Samah E L, Kosba Ayman Ahmed
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Clinical Pathology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Pathophysiology. 2018 Dec;25(4):307-315. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.05.001. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in aged rats is associated with several metabolic disorders. The mechanism of skeletal muscle lipotoxicity and insulin resistance (IR) is multi-factorial, but the exact mechanism of how aging affects these processes unknown. Royal jelly (RJ) is a dietary supplement with many physiological and pharmacological properties. No previous studies have demonstrated the protective effects and mechanism of RJ in aged obese rats.
The study was carried to investigate the effects of aging and HFD on skeletal muscles, and adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation, in aged rats, and whether RJ could combat such adverse effects.
A total of 40 male rats were divided into5 groups; young rats fed a standard diet, aged rats fed a standard diet, aged rats fed RJ, aged rats fed a HFD, and aged rats fed both a HFD and RJ for 8 weeks. We investigated changes in body weights (BW), abdominal fat weights, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), muscle TG, and IR levels. Also, concentrations of TNF-α receptor 1(TNFR1) were estimated in the serum and adipose tissues.
Aged, obese rats showed increased BW, adipose weights, IR, and disturbed serum and muscle lipids. Also, TNFR1 was increased. Rats fed RJ showed decreased adiposity, improved lipids' profiles, improved IR, and decreased TNFR1.
Aging and HFD were associated with disturbed metabolism, and muscle lipotoxicity and inflammation, while RJ could counteract muscle lipotoxicity in rats and reduce IR, most likely due to an anti-inflammatory effect.
老年大鼠食用高脂饮食（HFD）与多种代谢紊乱有关。骨骼肌脂毒性和胰岛素抵抗（IR）的机制是多因素的，但衰老如何影响这些过程的确切机制尚不清楚。蜂王浆（RJ）是一种具有多种生理和药理特性的膳食补充剂。以前没有研究证明RJ对老年肥胖大鼠的保护作用及其机制。
本研究旨在探讨衰老和HFD对老年大鼠骨骼肌、脂肪组织代谢和炎症的影响，以及RJ是否能对抗这些不良反应。
将40只雄性大鼠分为5组；喂食标准饮食的年轻大鼠、喂食标准饮食的老年大鼠、喂食RJ的老年大鼠、喂食HFD的老年大鼠以及喂食HFD和RJ的老年大鼠，持续8周。我们研究了体重（BW）、腹部脂肪重量、总胆固醇、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、肌肉TG和IR水平的变化。此外，还估计了血清和脂肪组织中TNF-α受体1（TNFR1）的浓度。
老年肥胖大鼠的BW、脂肪重量、IR增加，血清和肌肉脂质紊乱。此外，TNFR1增加。喂食RJ的大鼠肥胖程度降低，血脂谱改善，IR改善，TNFR1降低。
衰老和HFD与代谢紊乱、肌肉脂毒性和炎症有关，而RJ可以抵消大鼠的肌肉脂毒性并降低IR，这很可能是由于其抗炎作用。
