Wang Rui-Hong, Jia Tong, Cao Miao-Wen, Chai Bao-Feng
Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Jul 8;39(7):3339-3348. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201711031.
Mining for metal and mineral resources lead to the rapid rise of tailings dams and caused serious damage to the ecological environment of the mining area. Soil physicochemical characteristics and enzyme activities were important indexes for ecosystem functions, and they were also important factors in evaluating soil restoration qualities. We selected nine sub-dams of the Eighteen River copper tailings in Yuanqu County, and analyzed the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities. The results showed that there were great differences in soil physicochemical properties over different reclaimed years, and as the reclaimed years passed, soil nutrient contents significantly increased. There were significant negative correlations between catalase and the ratio of soil carbon and nitrogen, and urease was positively correlated to total nitrogen and soil moisture. Phosphatase and sucrose demonstrated no significant relationships with soil physicochemical factors. Copper content gradually accumulated in soil as the restoration period of sub-dams increased. Arsenic and cadmium content increased initially and then decreased before they gradually reached a stable level. In addition, there was no significant difference in zinc content among different sub-dams. Together, these results provide the ecological basis for further studies in soil ecosystem restoration and degradation mechanisms in copper tailings.
金属和矿产资源的开采导致尾矿库迅速增加，并对矿区的生态环境造成了严重破坏。土壤理化性质和酶活性是生态系统功能的重要指标，也是评估土壤恢复质量的重要因素。我们选取了垣曲县十八河铜尾矿的9个副坝，分析了土壤理化性质与土壤酶活性之间的关系。结果表明，不同复垦年份的土壤理化性质存在很大差异，随着复垦年份的增加，土壤养分含量显著增加。过氧化氢酶与土壤碳氮比呈显著负相关，脲酶与全氮和土壤湿度呈正相关。磷酸酶和蔗糖酶与土壤理化因子无显著关系。随着副坝恢复年限的增加，土壤中铜含量逐渐积累。砷和镉含量先增加后减少，最终逐渐达到稳定水平。此外，不同副坝之间锌含量无显著差异。这些结果共同为进一步研究铜尾矿土壤生态系统恢复和退化机制提供了生态学依据。
