身体残疾者的经历：地震期间的行动需求。
Experience of people with physical disability: Mobility needs during earthquakes.
作者信息
Pakjouei Shahrzad, Aryankhesal Aidin, Kamali Mohammad, Seyedin Seyed Hesam
机构信息
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
J Educ Health Promot. 2018 Jun 12;7:80. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_40_18. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
People with physical disability are vulnerable in disasters because of their mobility limitations. They are unable to escape from hazards and their needs have been somewhat neglected in planning and relief measures.
AIM
This study aimed to identify the mobility needs of people with physical disability during earthquakes across different provinces of Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A qualitative study was conducted using 18 semi-structured interviews with participants who had a kind of mobility disability. The participants, across six provinces of Iran who had experienced an earthquake, were selected by purposive sampling in two ways of snowballing and maximum variation in 2017. Data were analyzed thematically assisted by MAXQDA 10 software.
RESULTS
The mobility needs included house and workplace adaptation, spare assistive devices, easy access to vehicles, special facilities for emergency evacuation, adaptation and accessibility of shelters, adapted bathroom and toilet, and transferring by others.
CONCLUSION
By considering needs and experiences of people with physical disability in disaster planning, appropriate interventions can be arranged to promote the level of response in disasters. Such measures can have a significant role in maintaining the lives and health of such people.
背景
身体残疾者由于行动受限，在灾难中易受伤害。他们无法逃离危险，其需求在规划和救援措施中在一定程度上被忽视。
目的
本研究旨在确定伊朗不同省份地震期间身体残疾者的行动需求。
材料与方法
采用定性研究方法，对18名有某种行动障碍的参与者进行半结构化访谈。2017年，通过滚雪球和最大变异两种目的抽样方式，从伊朗六个经历过地震的省份选取了参与者。数据由MAXQDA 10软件辅助进行主题分析。
结果
行动需求包括住房和工作场所适应性、备用辅助设备、方便使用车辆、紧急疏散的特殊设施、避难所的适应性和可达性、适应性浴室和厕所，以及由他人协助转移。
结论
通过在灾难规划中考虑身体残疾者的需求和经历，可以安排适当的干预措施，以提高灾难应对水平。这些措施在维护此类人群的生命和健康方面可发挥重要作用。
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