Stough Laura M, Sharp Amy N, Resch J Aaron, Decker Curt, Wilker Nachama
Associate Professor of Educational Psychology and Assistant Director at the Center on Disability and Development, Texas A&M University, United States.
Associate Director at the Center on Disability and Development, Texas A&M University, United States.
Disasters. 2016 Jul;40(3):387-410. doi: 10.1111/disa.12161. Epub 2015 Nov 17.
This study examines how pre-existing disabling conditions influenced the recovery process of survivors of Hurricane Katrina. It focuses specifically on the barriers that hindered the recovery process in these individuals. Focus groups were convened in four Gulf Coast states with 31 individuals with disabilities who lived in or around New Orleans, Louisiana, prior to Hurricane Katrina in August 2005. Qualitative data were analysed using grounded theory methodology. Five themes emerged as the most significant barriers to recovery: housing; transportation; employment; physical and mental health; and accessing recovery services. While these barriers to recovery were probably common to most survivors of the disaster, the research results suggest that disability status enhanced the challenges that participants experienced in negotiating the recovery process and in acquiring resources that accommodated their disabilities. The findings indicate that, when disaster recovery services and resources did not accommodate the needs of individuals with disabilities, recovery was hindered. Recovery efforts should include building accessible infrastructure and services that will allow for participation by all.
本研究考察了先前存在的致残状况如何影响卡特里娜飓风幸存者的恢复过程。它特别关注阻碍这些个体恢复过程的障碍。2005年8月卡特里娜飓风来袭之前，在墨西哥湾沿岸的四个州召集了焦点小组，小组成员为31名居住在路易斯安那州新奥尔良市或其周边地区的残疾人。使用扎根理论方法对定性数据进行了分析。出现了五个作为恢复的最重大障碍的主题：住房；交通；就业；身心健康；以及获取恢复服务。虽然这些恢复障碍可能对大多数灾难幸存者来说都很常见，但研究结果表明，残疾状况加剧了参与者在协商恢复过程以及获取适应其残疾状况的资源时所面临的挑战。研究结果表明，当灾难恢复服务和资源不能满足残疾人的需求时，恢复就会受到阻碍。恢复工作应包括建设无障碍基础设施和服务，以确保所有人都能参与。
