[北京冬季霾期间挥发性有机物的来源解析与健康风险评估]

[Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of VOCs During the Haze Period in the Winter in Beijing].

作者信息

Liu Dan, Xie Qiang, Zhang Xin, Wang Hai-Lin, Yan Zhi-Yong, Yang Hong-Wei, Hao Zheng-Ping

机构信息

School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.

Department of Environmental Nano-materials and Technologies, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.

出版信息

Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Oct 8;37(10):3693-3701. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.10.003.

DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.10.003

PMID:29964397

Abstract

A method for determining volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by cryogenic dynamic adsorption in solid adsorbent tubes, subsequent thermal desorption with cryofocusing in a cold trap and analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was adapted for continuous ambient air monitoring. VOCs pollution characteristics and health risk assessment (HRA)were researched in detail. Moreover, the sources apportionment was reliably analyzed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that the average concentration of VOCs was 332.34 μg·m per day, the concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbon and halo hydrocarbon were remarkably high compared to the other VOCs. Particularly, the PMF analysis results revealed that solvent/paint use emission, biomass or coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust emissions were the main pollutants emission sources. Additionally, the cancer risk index of all carcinogenic substances was higher than the suggested value of USEPA(1×10), which could cause potential harm to human health.

摘要

一种通过在固体吸附剂管中进行低温动态吸附、随后在冷阱中进行低温聚焦热脱附并采用气相色谱和质谱分析来测定挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的方法被应用于连续的环境空气监测。详细研究了VOCs的污染特征和健康风险评估（HRA）。此外，通过正矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型可靠地分析了源解析。结果表明，VOCs的日均平均浓度为332.34μg·m ，与其他VOCs相比，芳烃和卤代烃的浓度显著较高。特别是，PMF分析结果表明，溶剂/涂料使用排放、生物质或煤炭燃烧以及机动车尾气排放是主要的污染物排放源。此外，所有致癌物质的癌症风险指数均高于美国环境保护局建议值（1×10 ），这可能会对人体健康造成潜在危害。