Song Zhi-Ting, Zhao Yu-Jie, Zhou Qi-Wen, Liu Xiao-Wei, Zhang Tie-Liang
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Jul 8;37(7):2756-2762. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.07.044.
A survey on soil samples was conducted to study the heavy metal pollutions and their potential sources in Wuqing District, Tianjin, China. A total of 578 topsoil samples were collected and the concentrations of eight heavy metals, namely, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, As (metalloid) and Hg were analyzed. A summary of descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, geostatistical analysis and stochastic forest regression models were applied to study the spatial and temporal variation and identify proportional contribution from either natural or anthropogenic sources for the eight heavy metals in topsoils of the study region. The results indicated that the average concentrations of all the heavy metals except for Cr in the topsoils exceeded their corresponding natural-background values. As, Ni and Cr were mainly contributed by natural sources (i.e., soil parent materials). Cu and Zn originated from both the soil parent materials and sewage irrigation. Pb and Cd originated mainly from non-point source pollution and partially from point source. Hg originated from sewage irrigation. It was proved that combination of multi-technologies provides an effective way to delineate multiple heavy metal pollution sources.
为研究中国天津市武清区的重金属污染及其潜在来源，对土壤样本进行了一项调查。共采集了578份表层土壤样本，并分析了8种重金属的浓度，即镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、类金属砷（As）和汞（Hg）。运用描述性统计、主成分分析、地统计分析和随机森林回归模型等方法，研究了研究区域表层土壤中这8种重金属的时空变化，并确定自然或人为来源的比例贡献。结果表明，表层土壤中除铬以外的所有重金属平均浓度均超过其相应的自然背景值。砷、镍和铬主要由自然来源（即土壤母质）贡献。铜和锌既来源于土壤母质，也来源于污水灌溉。铅和镉主要来源于非点源污染，部分来源于点源。汞来源于污水灌溉。事实证明，多种技术的结合为描绘多种重金属污染源提供了有效途径。
