Liu Hai-Biao, Kong Shao-Fei, Wang Wei, Yan Qin
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Aug 8;37(8):2823-2835. doi: 10.13277/j.hjkx.2016.08.002.
Based on a dilution sampling system and domestic burning tests, emission factors (EFs) for eleven heavy metals of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb and Pb in PM from raw coal and honeycoal burning were calculated, using their contents in raw coals of different provinces. Then the total emission amounts of heavy metals from residential coals burning in 2012 were calculated and 30 km×30 km grid cell-based emission inventories were established. The results showed that the EFs of Pb, Zn, As and Cu were higher from honeycomb coal burning. They were 27.1, 16.8, 0.99 and 0.97 mg·kg, which were 56, 6, 10 and 2 times of those for raw coal, respectively. The total emissions of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb and Pb in PM from residential coal burning in 2012 were 0.5, 30.1, 59.5, 1.1, 29.3, 20.0, 188.9, 64.9, 1.6, 3.4 and 176.7 t. Hunan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Henan, and Shandong held higher emission amounts, which were 12.4%, 12.3%, 10.4%, 9.9% and 9.3% of the total emissions of the whole country. Beijing, Henan, Shandong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Inner Mongolia were the regions with higher emission intensities and emission amounts per capita. The spatial distribution showed that the regions with higher annual emissions of Zn and Pb distributed widely, mainly in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Henan, Gansu, Hunan and Jiangxi. The emission inventories for heavy metals in fine particles established here are important for regional air quality modeling and human health risk assessment.
基于稀释采样系统和国内燃烧试验，利用不同省份原煤中11种重金属（钒、铬、锰、钴、镍、铜、锌、砷、镉、锑和铅）的含量，计算了原煤和蜂窝煤燃烧产生的颗粒物中这11种重金属的排放因子。然后计算了2012年居民燃煤重金属的总排放量，并建立了基于30 km×30 km网格单元的排放清单。结果表明，蜂窝煤燃烧产生的铅、锌、砷和铜的排放因子较高，分别为27.1、16.8、0.99和0.97 mg·kg，分别是原煤的56、6、10和2倍。2012年居民燃煤产生的颗粒物中钒、铬、锰、钴、镍、铜、锌、砷、镉、锑和铅的总排放量分别为0.5、30.1、59.5、1.1、29.3、20.0、188.9、64.9、1.6、3.4和176.7吨。湖南、河北、内蒙古、河南和山东的排放量较高，分别占全国总排放量的12.4%、12.3%、10.4%、9.9%和9.3%。北京、河南、山东、湖南、江西、贵州和内蒙古是排放强度和人均排放量较高的地区。空间分布表明，锌和铅年排放量较高的地区分布广泛，主要集中在内蒙古、河北、北京、天津、山东、河南、甘肃、湖南和江西。这里建立的细颗粒物中重金属排放清单对于区域空气质量建模和人类健康风险评估具有重要意义。
