Wang Yue-Ling, Geng Zeng-Chao, Wang Qiang, Shang Jie, Cao Sheng-Lei, Zhou Feng, Li Xin, Liu Fu-Yi, Zhang Ping
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
College of Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2016 Sep 8;37(9):3634-3641. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.047.
Biochar is known to be a good soil amendment to improve soil physical and biochemical characteristics, to increase crop yield, and to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from soils. In this study, five addition levels of apple tree branches-derived biochar (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 t·hm) were used in field plot test. The effects of biochar on soil temperature, soil aggregates, NO-N, NH-N, microbial biomass carbon and greenhouse gas fluxes were investigated during the whole pepper growth season. The results showed that biochar amendment increased the temperature moderation capability of soil and increased the content of soil macro-aggregates, especially the content of aggregates with sizes >5 mm, 5-2 mm and 1-0.5 mm. As compared with the control, the contents of NO-N, NH-N and microbial biomass carbon increased by 4.9%-33.9%, 9.1%-41.1% and 11.8%-38.5% with the increase of biochar content respectively. Biochar amendment increased CO emissions and CH uptake by 6.73%-23.35% and 3.62%-14.17%, respectively. NO emissions and global warming potential (GWP) decreased at biochar levels of 20 and 40 t·hm and increased when the biochar levels were 60 and 80 t·hm as compared with the control. The results suggested that as a soil conditioner, biochar improved soil quality, soil fertility and function of agriculture soil on carbon sequestion and decreased emission cut. In addition, the choice of biochar level is very important.
已知生物炭是一种良好的土壤改良剂，可改善土壤物理和生化特性、提高作物产量并减少土壤温室气体排放。在本研究中，田间小区试验采用了五个添加水平的苹果树枝衍生生物炭（0、20、40、60、80吨·公顷）。在整个辣椒生长季节，研究了生物炭对土壤温度、土壤团聚体、硝态氮、铵态氮、微生物生物量碳和温室气体通量的影响。结果表明，生物炭改良提高了土壤的温度调节能力，增加了土壤大团聚体的含量，特别是粒径>5毫米、5 - 2毫米和1 - 0.5毫米的团聚体含量。与对照相比，随着生物炭含量的增加，硝态氮、铵态氮和微生物生物量碳的含量分别增加了4.9% - 33.9%、9.1% - 41.1%和11.8% - 38.5%。生物炭改良分别使二氧化碳排放量和甲烷吸收量增加了6.73% - 23.35%和3.62% - 14.17%。与对照相比，生物炭添加量为20和40吨·公顷时，一氧化氮排放量和全球变暖潜势降低，而生物炭添加量为60和80吨·公顷时则增加。结果表明，作为一种土壤改良剂，生物炭改善了土壤质量、土壤肥力以及农业土壤的碳固存和减排功能。此外，生物炭添加量的选择非常重要。
