Zhou Feng, Xu Chen-Yang, Wang Yue-Ling, Lin Yun, Wang Qiang, Zhang Tong-Tong, Geng Zeng-Chao
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agrienvironment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Sep 8;38(9):3831-3839. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201612210.
In order to investigate the effect of biochar on CH and NO emissions from Lou soil, field plot experiments of winter wheat were conducted with five levels of biochar addition (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 t·hm). The fluxes of CH and NO, wheat production, soil organic carbon, soil water content, and temperature of each soil layer were measured. The results showed that the fluxes of CH and NO changed significantly in different growth periods of winter wheat. Compared with the control, the cumulative CH uptake under the biochar amendment increased by 12.88%-71.61%. When the biochar addition was ≥ 40 t·hm, the cumulative CH uptake was significantly higher and the highest uptake was at the level of 40 t·hm. Biochar amendment had no significant effect on cumulative NO emissions and the global warming potential (GDP). The greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) decreased by 13.24%-22.14%. The wheat yield increased by 1.72%-32.19% after biochar addition. When the applied biochar level was ≥ 40 t·hm, the wheat yield increments were significantly higher. The biochar addition of 40 t·hm was the optimal level for increasing the wheat yield. The soil organic carbon and water content under biochar amendment increased by 1.42-2.69 times and 7.08%-11.96%, respectively. The results suggested that Lou soil was the sink of atmospheric CH and the emission source of NO during the winter wheat growth period, and the biochar level of 40 t·hm was the optimal addition amount.
为了研究生物炭对塿土CH和NO排放的影响，进行了冬小麦田间小区试验，设置了五个生物炭添加水平（0、20、40、60和80 t·hm）。测量了CH和NO通量、小麦产量、土壤有机碳、土壤含水量以及各土层温度。结果表明，冬小麦不同生育期CH和NO通量变化显著。与对照相比，生物炭改良处理下CH累积吸收量增加了12.88%-71.61%。当生物炭添加量≥40 t·hm时，CH累积吸收量显著更高，最高吸收量出现在40 t·hm水平。生物炭改良对NO累积排放量和全球变暖潜势（GWP）没有显著影响。温室气体强度（GHGI）下降了13.24%-22.14%。添加生物炭后小麦产量提高了1.72%-32.19%。当生物炭施用量≥40 t·hm时，小麦产量增幅显著更高。40 t·hm的生物炭添加量是提高小麦产量的最佳水平。生物炭改良处理下土壤有机碳和含水量分别增加了1.42-2.69倍和7.08%-11.96%。结果表明，塿土在冬小麦生长期间是大气CH的汇和NO的排放源，40 t·hm的生物炭添加量是最佳添加量。
