Xu Mei-Juan, Tong Gui-Hua, Sun Dan, Li Jian-Xin, Yu Xiao-Yi
College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
Cixi Environment Protection Burea, Cixi 315300, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Aug 8;38(8):3218-3224. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201701086.
From industrial and commercial areas of Ningbo City, China, 85 surface water samples were collected. The concentrations of six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the samples were measured, and the characteristics of the spatial distributions of those metals were analyzed. Through a combination of regional characteristics and Pearson correlation coefficients of the different heavy metals, the main pollution sources of the two areas were analyzed. The potential ecological risks of these heavy metals were evaluated by considering health risk and cancer risk indices. The results indicate that the heavy metal pollution of surface waters was serious in both the industrial and commercial areas. Furthermore, the differences between the two areas were also observed. In the industrial area, the average concentrations of the six heavy metals were, from highest to lowest, in the order: Zn >>Ni>Pb> Cr> Cu> Cd, and the main sources were industrial emissions. Four heavy metal concentrations exceeded the national environmental standard, which, from highest to lowest, were in the order: Cd> Pb> Cr >>Zn. In the commercial area, the average concentrations, from highest to lowest, were in the order: Cr> Pb >>Zn> Ni> Cd> Cu, and the main sources were road pollutants. Three heavy metal concentrations exceeded the national standard, and the order, from highest to lowest, was Cd> Pb>>Cr, with Cd and Pb having the most potential health risk. In both the industrial and commercial areas, there were some potential health risks and high carcinogenic risks. Cd, Cr, and Pb have the highest potential health risks, whereas Cr is the major potentially carcinogenic metal. The commercial area had 1.7 times the potential carcinogenic risk as that of the industrial area. The government should pay more attention to heavy metal pollution of surface waters in Ningbo City, China.
从中国宁波市的工商业区域采集了85份地表水样本。测量了样本中六种重金属（镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌）的浓度，并分析了这些金属的空间分布特征。通过结合区域特征和不同重金属的皮尔逊相关系数，分析了这两个区域的主要污染源。通过考虑健康风险和癌症风险指数评估了这些重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明，工商业区域的地表水重金属污染均较为严重。此外，还观察到了两个区域之间的差异。在工业区，六种重金属的平均浓度从高到低依次为：锌>>镍>铅>铬>铜>镉，主要来源是工业排放。四种重金属浓度超过国家环境标准，从高到低依次为：镉>铅>铬>>锌。在商业区，平均浓度从高到低依次为：铬>铅>>锌>镍>镉>铜，主要来源是道路污染物。三种重金属浓度超过国家标准，从高到低依次为：镉>铅>>铬，镉和铅具有最大的潜在健康风险。在工业区和商业区，均存在一些潜在健康风险和高致癌风险。镉、铬和铅具有最高的潜在健康风险，而铬是主要的潜在致癌金属。商业区的潜在致癌风险是工业区的1.7倍。中国宁波市的政府应更加关注地表水的重金属污染问题。
