Zhang Hai-Geng, Song Hong-Qiao, Gu Chuan-Chuan, Shan Jian-Jun, Zhang Yu-Lei, Ni Qi
Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Aug 8;38(8):3330-3338. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201702089.
In order to understand the microbial community composition and mechanism of purifying aquaculture water with a biofilter that was been applied to spotted parrotfish recirculating aquaculture systems with microglass beads as the biofilter filler, the changes in the nutrients of different biological filter beds and the water treatment performance of a fluidized-sand biofilter were analyzed. By using high-throughput sequencing technology, the microbial community structure of the surface area and bottom area at different times were studied. The results show that the fluidized-sand biofilter successfully start-up after one month under marine culture. Nitrification of the biofilter occurred mainly in the lower bed layer; the surface area played a small role in eliminating the NH-N. The average removal rates of NH-N, TN, BOD, and SS were 68.3%±2.24%, 49.54%±3.56%, 60.35%±4.98%, and 45.21%±2.11%, respectively. The average NH-N removal load reached (343.28±75.5) g·(m·d), which showed a better performance of wastewater treatment. In this experiment, 31 phyla and 490 genera were identified, thus the biological diversity was significantly higher than that of the other conventional microbial biofilter. Start-stop cycling of the self-cleaning device in the biofilter had no effect on the microbial diversity of different regional, but had some effect on the dominant bacterial community of the microglass beads surface. Under opening self-cleaning device regularly condition, the microbial species of the surface and bottom areas became significantly similar. With time, the microbial species of the superficial area and bottom area had no significant change, and the microbial population structure was relatively stable. In the biofilm training period, the diversity of microbial communities was significantly lower than it was after biofilm maturation. At the time of biofilter stable operation, the dominant bacteria of the superficial zone essentially remained unchanged and mainly included Anaerolineaceae_uncultured (8.4%-28%), Flavobacteriaceae_unclassified (1.1%-32%), Rhodobacteraceae_uncultured (2.3%-17%), (1%-7%), and Caldilineaceae_uncultured (1%-6%). The dominant bacteria of the bottom zone changed over time and mainly include (12.45%-17.06%), _Microthrix (2.6%-8.8%), (4.8%-6.3%), (6%-7%), and Rhodobacteraceae_uncultured (2%-6.2%). Among them, the abundance of was significantly higher than that in the other biofilter.
为了解以微玻璃珠作为生物滤材应用于点带石斑鱼循环水养殖系统中的生物滤器对养殖水体的微生物群落组成及净化机制，分析了不同生物滤床营养物质的变化以及流化砂生物滤器的水处理性能。利用高通量测序技术，研究了不同时段生物滤器表面积和底部区域的微生物群落结构。结果表明，流化砂生物滤器在海水养殖条件下1个月成功启动。生物滤器的硝化作用主要发生在下层床层；表面积对NH-N的去除作用较小。NH-N、TN、BOD和SS的平均去除率分别为68.3%±2.24%、49.54%±3.56%、60.35%±4.98%和45.21%±2.11%。平均NH-N去除负荷达到(343.28±75.5) g·(m·d)，显示出较好的污水处理性能。本实验共鉴定出31个门和490个属，生物多样性显著高于其他传统微生物生物滤器。生物滤器中自清洁装置的启停循环对不同区域的微生物多样性没有影响，但对微玻璃珠表面的优势细菌群落有一定影响。在定期开启自清洁装置的条件下，表面积和底部区域的微生物种类显著相似。随着时间的推移，表面积和底部区域的微生物种类没有显著变化，微生物种群结构相对稳定。在生物膜培养期，微生物群落的多样性显著低于生物膜成熟后。在生物滤器稳定运行时，表层区域的优势细菌基本保持不变，主要包括未培养的厌氧绳菌科(8.4%-28%)、未分类的黄杆菌科(1.1%-32%)、未培养的红杆菌科(2.3%-17%)、(1%-7%)和未培养的热放线菌科(1%-6%)。底部区域的优势细菌随时间变化，主要包括(12.45%-17.06%)、微小杆菌属(2.6%-8.8%)、(4.8%-6.3%)、(6%-7%)和未培养的红杆菌科(2%-6.2%)。其中，的丰度显著高于其他生物滤器。
