Duan Wen-Jiao, Lang Jian-Lei, Cheng Shui-Yuan, Jia Jia, Wang Xiao-Qi
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Apr 8;39(4):1445-1454. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201709053.
The iron and steel industry, which discharges a large amount of pollutants including SO, NO, and PM, is the main source of atmospheric pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Based on the bottom-up method, a high temporal and spatial resolution emission inventory of the iron and steel industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was developed, which took into account the multiple air pollutants released during coking, sintering, pelletizing, ironmaking, steelmaking, and the steel rolling process. As the emission inventory showed, the total emissions of SO, NO, TSP, PM, PM, CO, and VOC from the iron and steel industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2015 were 388.2, 272.3, 791.9, 531.5, 386.8, 8233.8, and 265.3 kilotons, respectively, among which, sintering and pelletizing were the two processes discharging the most pollutants (17.0%-72.0%), followed by the ironmaking process (4.6%-42.4%) and the steel rolling process (3.5%-35.7%); the iron and steel industry in Tangshan discharged the most pollutants (39.1%-63.5%) among those in all the 13 cities. The impact of the iron and steel industry on the regional PM concentration was simulated by a two-layer nested meteorology-air quality coupling model system (WRF-CMAx) with Particulate Source Apportionment Technology (PSAT). The simulation results showed that the iron and steel industry contributed 14.0%, 15.9%, 12.3%, and 8.7% of the PM concentrations of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, and that the iron and steel industry had the most significant impact on the PM concentrations in Tangshan among all the 13 cities, with a contribution rate up to 41.2%, followed by those in Qinhuangdao, Shijiazhuang, and Handan, with contributions of 19.3%, 15.3%, and 15.1%, respectively. The iron and steel industry has an important impact on the PM concentration of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to which the government should pay more attention, and take more effective control measures to address this problem.
钢铁行业排放大量包括二氧化硫、氮氧化物和颗粒物在内的污染物，是京津冀地区大气污染的主要来源。基于自下而上的方法，编制了京津冀地区钢铁行业高时空分辨率排放清单，该清单考虑了焦化、烧结、球团、炼铁、炼钢和轧钢过程中排放的多种空气污染物。排放清单显示，2015年京津冀地区钢铁行业的二氧化硫、氮氧化物、总悬浮颗粒物、细颗粒物、可吸入颗粒物、一氧化碳和挥发性有机物的排放总量分别为388.2、272.3、791.9、531.5、386.8、8233.8和265.3千吨，其中烧结和球团是排放污染物最多的两个过程（17.0%-72.0%），其次是炼铁过程（4.6%-42.4%）和轧钢过程（3.5%-35.7%）；唐山的钢铁行业在所有13个城市中排放的污染物最多（39.1%-63.5%）。利用具有颗粒物源解析技术（PSAT）的两层嵌套气象-空气质量耦合模型系统（WRF-CMAx）模拟了钢铁行业对区域细颗粒物浓度的影响。模拟结果表明，钢铁行业对京津冀地区春季、夏季、秋季和冬季细颗粒物浓度的贡献率分别为14.0%、15.9%、12.3%和8.7%，钢铁行业对唐山细颗粒物浓度的影响在所有13个城市中最为显著，贡献率高达41.2%，其次是秦皇岛、石家庄和邯郸，贡献率分别为19.3%、15.3%和15.1%。钢铁行业对京津冀地区细颗粒物浓度有重要影响，政府应予以更多关注，并采取更有效的控制措施来解决这一问题。
