Chen Zhi-Liang, Huang Ling, Zhou Cun-Yu, Zhong Song-Xiong, Wang Xin, Dai Yu, Jiang Xiao-Lu
South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
School of Horticulture and Garden, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Jan 8;38(1):389-398. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201606138.
Vegetable is an indispensible component of human daily diet,and contamination of vegetables by heavy metals directly threatens human health.In this study,116 vegetable samples were collected from 12 administrative districts of Guangzhou City for analysis of six heavy metals,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Ni,Cr.A combination of single factor evaluation and Nemero Index analysis was employed to determine specific heavy metals exceeding allowable standards and analyze the characteristics of pollution.Risk of exposure was utilized to assess human health risks originating from eating locally planted vegetables contaminated by heavy metals.The results showed that contents of Cu,Zn in the 8 sorts of vegetables were below the standards of maximum allowable content and the contents of heavy mental Cr of up to 91.67% vegetable samples were higher than their standard. var. Irish, L., Mill.and L.were the 4 species of Pb exceeding vegetables,with the exceed ratio reaching up to 35.71% and L.exceeded the target value most seriously.Only the content of Cd in Mill.was over-standard,with the rate of 31.25%.And the highest rate of over-standard of the content of Ni in 3 species of vegetables,which included L., Forsk and ,reached 8.33%.For the contamination level of the eight kinds of vegetable, L., Forsk,, L.and L.were put into the class of alarming,while var. Irish, L.and Mill.were classified as secure.Heavy metals' comprehensive pollution degree of 4 species of vegetables presented a trend of leafy vegetables >rootstalk vegetables >stem vegetables >solanaceous fruits.Health risk assessment showed that Guangzhou citizens eat more frequently Forsk and L.and were prone to higher accumulation of heavy metals,and the dietary intake of heavy metal Cr might cause harm to human health and intake of Cd would bring potential health risk to the human body.Risk of exposure to heavy metal through oral ingestion of vegetables was proved to be higher for children than adults.
蔬菜是人类日常饮食中不可或缺的组成部分，蔬菜受到重金属污染直接威胁人体健康。本研究从广州市12个行政区采集了116份蔬菜样本，分析其中铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）、铬（Cr）六种重金属。采用单因子评价和内梅罗指数分析相结合的方法，确定超标重金属种类并分析污染特征。利用暴露风险评估食用当地种植的重金属污染蔬菜对人体健康造成的风险。结果表明，8种蔬菜中铜、锌含量均低于最大允许含量标准，高达91.67%的蔬菜样本中重金属铬含量高于标准。爱尔兰变种、L.、Mill.和L.是4种铅超标蔬菜，超标率高达35.71%，L.超标最严重。仅Mill.中镉含量超标，超标率为31.25%。3种蔬菜（包括L.、Forsk和）中镍含量超标率最高，达8.33%。8种蔬菜的污染程度方面，L.、Forsk、、L.和L.被列为警戒等级，而爱尔兰变种、L.和Mill.被列为安全等级。4种蔬菜的重金属综合污染程度呈现叶菜类＞根茎类＞茎类＞茄果类的趋势。健康风险评估表明，广州居民食用Forsk、L.和较多，重金属积累倾向较高，膳食摄入重金属铬可能对人体健康造成危害，摄入镉会给人体带来潜在健康风险。经证明，儿童通过口服蔬菜摄入重金属的暴露风险高于成年人。
