Wu Yan-Zheng, Zhang Miao-Miao, Qin Hong-Ling, Chen Chun-Lan, Wang Juan, Wei Wen-Xue, Li Yong
Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 May 8;38(5):2084-2092. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201611116.
The emissions of greenhouse gas in winter are often neglected, and the latest research results showed that NO emissions in fallow paddy field and winter oilseed rape are still large, research on mitigating the NO flux and the mechanism behind them is of significance for mitigating NO emissions from agricultural soil. By using static chamber techniques and molecular biology techniques, the NO emission as well as the community composition and abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) from fallow paddy field, rape cropping with and without DCD treatment in Taoyuan agricultural ecological experiment station of the Chinese Academy of sciences were measured. The results showed that the addition of DCD significantly inhibited NO emissions in fallow paddy field and rape cropping by 36.7% and 23.6%, respectively. The application of DCD in fallow paddy field inhibited the abundance of AOA and AOB by 59.3% and 73.7%, respectively, but only changed the community structure of AOA. The addition of DCD in rape cropping only changed the community structure and inhibited the abundance of AOB. This research showed that DCD application could effectively mitigate the NO emissions in fallow paddy field and winter rape cropping under different mitigation mechanisms.
冬季温室气体排放常被忽视，最新研究结果表明，休耕稻田和冬季油菜田的一氧化氮排放仍很大，研究减少一氧化氮通量及其背后的机制对于减少农业土壤一氧化氮排放具有重要意义。通过使用静态箱技术和分子生物学技术，在中国科学院桃源农业生态试验站对休耕稻田、种植油菜且有和没有双氰胺（DCD）处理的田块的一氧化氮排放以及氨氧化古菌（AOA）和氨氧化细菌（AOB）的群落组成与丰度进行了测定。结果表明，添加DCD分别显著抑制了休耕稻田和种植油菜田块的一氧化氮排放36.7%和23.6%。在休耕稻田中施用DCD分别使AOA和AOB的丰度降低了59.3%和73.7%，但仅改变了AOA的群落结构。在种植油菜田中添加DCD仅改变了群落结构并抑制了AOB的丰度。该研究表明，施用DCD可通过不同的减排机制有效减少休耕稻田和冬季油菜种植田块的一氧化氮排放。
