Wang Zhen-Bo, Liang Long-Wu, Lin Xiong-Bin, Liu Hai-Meng
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Oct 8;38(10):4005-4014. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201701007.
Controlling air pollution in the Jing-jin-ji urban agglomeration (JJJUA), the most seriously polluted area in China, is related to the integrated development strategy for the region. Based on the national and regional implementation of air pollution control measures in recent years, the hierarchical cross-regional multi-directional linkage (HCML) air pollution prevention and control model was applied in this study. The effect of air pollution control was evaluated by monitoring the pollutants, SO, NO, PM, PM, O, and CO, at 112 monitoring sites in 13 cities in 2014-2015. The results can be summarized as follows:① The HCML model is an interrelated framework at the horizontal and vertical level. Under the efforts provided by the central, urban agglomeration, and city governments, this multi-level governance model serves as an effective tool to resolve the issues related to air pollution beyond the borders of municipalities. Environmental regulations on certain industries, energy consumption structure, car ownership and usage, and air quality supervision and warning systems are well established under this governance model. ② The air quality of the JJJUA has improved significantly in the past two years. The concentrations of air pollutants significantly decreased, with the exception of O, and high pollution ranges significantly reduced from north to south. The annual average concentrations of PM, PM, SO, NO, and CO decreased by 17.84%, 14.61%, 37.55%, 4.82%, and 16.18%, respectively. The number of days meeting the air quality standards increased for all pollutants except NO. Based on the current situation and unsolved problems of air pollution, the JJJUA area needs certain measures including diversifying the governance subjects, joint legislation (beyond municipalities) on air pollution to regulate pollution discharge, enhancing public awareness on air pollution and its health impacts, carefully examining sources of air pollution in winter to reduce pollution, and to better understand the sources of ozone and adopt effective control measures.
京津冀城市群（JJJUA）是中国空气污染最严重的地区，控制该地区的空气污染与区域一体化发展战略相关。基于近年来国家和地区实施的空气污染控制措施，本研究应用了分层跨区域多向联动（HCML）空气污染防治模型。通过监测2014 - 2015年13个城市112个监测点的污染物SO₂、NO₂、PM₁₀、PM₂.₅、O₃和CO，评估了空气污染控制效果。结果总结如下：①HCML模型是一个在水平和垂直层面相互关联的框架。在中央、城市群和市政府的努力下，这种多层次治理模式是解决直辖市边界以外空气污染相关问题的有效工具。在这种治理模式下，对某些行业的环境监管、能源消费结构、汽车保有量和使用情况以及空气质量监督和预警系统都已完善。②京津冀城市群的空气质量在过去两年有了显著改善。空气污染物浓度显著下降，但O₃除外，高污染范围从北向南显著缩小。PM₁₀、PM₂.₅、SO₂、NO₂和CO的年均浓度分别下降了17.84%、14.61%、37.55%、4.82%和16.18%。除NO₂外，所有污染物达到空气质量标准的天数都有所增加。基于空气污染的现状和未解决的问题，京津冀城市群地区需要采取一些措施，包括使治理主体多元化、对空气污染进行跨直辖市联合立法以规范污染排放、提高公众对空气污染及其健康影响的认识、仔细排查冬季空气污染来源以减少污染，以及更好地了解臭氧来源并采取有效控制措施。
