Zhao Tun, Jia Yan-Xiang, Jiang Bing-Qi, Mei Xiang-Yu, Li Min
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Sep 8;38(9):3666-3672. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201703098.
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, which plays a very important role in the transportation of nutrients at the regional and even global scale. Water and sediment samples were collected at five sites located at the Gaocun to Lijin reaches along the Yellow River and the distribution characteristics of different phosphorus species were analyzed. The concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in water ranged from 1.89 to 2.67 g·L with an average of 2.26 g·L in May and from 0.43 to 1.79 g·L with an average of 1.21 g·L in September. It almost had the same variation rule as the water flux, which reflects the influence of water flux on SPM transportation. The concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in water ranged from 0.05 to 2.31 mg·L in May and from 0.03 to 0.1 mg·L in September. Particulate phosphorus (PP) was the dominant TP species in both months, and TP and PP were significantly correlated (<0.01), which implied that phosphorus loss in soil from Gaocun to Lijin reaches is still serious. Water runoff was positively correlated with TP and PP (<0.05), but negatively correlated with total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) (<0.05, <0.01, respectively). Increasing water runoff obviously increased the dilution of TDP and DIP. The concentration of SPM was negatively correlated with DIP (<0.01), the adsorption of SPM on phosphorus was mainly the adsorption of DIP. The permanganate index in water was higher in fall suggesting more serious organic pollution and it was positively correlated with DIP (<0.01). The phosphorus content in sediments was quite low in both months; the total phosphorus (TP) content in sediments ranged from 284.23 to 569.58 mg·kg in May and from 287.97 to 355.39 mg·kg in September. Calcium-bound phosphate (Ca-P) was the dominant species of inorganic phosphorus (IP). The labile organic phosphorus (L-OP) content was significantly correlated with runoff, SPM concentration, and permanganate index (<0.01,<0.05,<0.01, respectively). The organic phosphorus (OP) content was significantly higher at the Lijin site in May, likely caused by the rainfall-runoff from the mining area around Lijin. The energy-based production activities from the Gaocun to Lijin reaches should also be further investigated.
黄河是中国第二长河，在区域乃至全球尺度的养分输运中发挥着非常重要的作用。在黄河高村至利津河段的五个站点采集了水和沉积物样本，并分析了不同磷形态的分布特征。5月水体中悬浮颗粒物（SPM）浓度在1.89～2.67 g·L之间，平均为2.26 g·L；9月在0.43～1.79 g·L之间，平均为1.21 g·L。其变化规律与水流量基本一致，反映了水流量对SPM输运的影响。5月水体总磷（TP）浓度在0.05～2.31 mg·L之间，9月在0.03～0.1 mg·L之间。两个月中颗粒态磷（PP）均为TP的主要形态，且TP与PP显著相关（<0.01），这表明高村至利津河段土壤磷流失仍较为严重。径流量与TP和PP呈正相关（<0.05），但与总溶解磷（TDP）和溶解无机磷（DIP）呈负相关（分别为<0.05、<0.01）。径流量增加明显加大了对TDP和DIP的稀释作用。SPM浓度与DIP呈负相关（<0.01），SPM对磷的吸附主要是对DIP的吸附。秋季水体高锰酸盐指数较高，表明有机污染更严重，且与DIP呈正相关（<0.01）。两个月沉积物中的磷含量均较低；5月沉积物中总磷（TP）含量在284.23～569.58 mg·kg之间，9月在287.97～355.39 mg·kg之间。钙结合态磷（Ca-P）是无机磷（IP）的主要形态。易分解有机磷（L-OP）含量与径流量、SPM浓度和高锰酸盐指数显著相关（分别为<0.01、<0.05、<0.01）。5月利津站点的有机磷（OP）含量显著较高，可能是由利津周边矿区的降雨径流造成的。高村至利津河段基于能源的生产活动也应进一步研究。
