Lou Di-Ming, Zhao Cheng-Zhi, Xu Ning, Tan Pi-Qiang, Hu Zhi-Yuan
School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2017 Jun 8;38(6):2301-2307. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201612035.
Based on heavy chassis dynamometer, an experimental study was conducted in diesel buses compliant with China Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ emissions standards respectively, fueled with three different blends of petroleum diesel/biodiesel (0%,5%and 10%, biodiesel blends), which investigated the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emission under CCBC driving cycle. Results of study showed that the total PM number and mass emission from China Ⅴ bus respectively decreased by 68.1%,56.2%,57.5% and 52.7%,64.8%, 88.5% compared to China Ⅲ bus. When compared to China Ⅳ bus, the PM mass emission decreased by 43.0%, 47.3% and 42.1%, while the number increased by 4.0%,7.6% and 14.7%. The nucleation mode PM emission of China Ⅲ bus was mainly from high-speed driving condition, while China Ⅳ and Ⅴ buses were from middle-low speed. The accumulation mode PM emissions of China Ⅲ, Ⅳ and V buses were all mainly from middle-low speed driving conditions. In relatively lower speed conditions, compared to China Ⅲ bus, the nucleation mode PM emissions of China Ⅳ and Ⅴ buses obviously decreased, so was accumulation mode PM. Compared to China Ⅳ bus, emission of China Ⅴ bus did not improve obviously and the nucleation mode PM emission even increased. In high-speed driving condition, the nucleation mode PM emission from China Ⅲ bus increased dramatically, while those from China Ⅴ and Ⅳ buses slightly increased. Meanwhile, the accumulation PM number and mass emission of China Ⅳ bus was obviously higher than those of China Ⅴ and Ⅲ buses. When fueled with B10, the relatively bigger sizes PM emission of China Ⅲ bus deteriorated rapidly, indicating that China Ⅲ bus was not suitable for fuel with high blending ratio of biodiesel.
基于重型底盘测功机，分别以符合中国Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ排放标准的柴油公交车为研究对象，使用三种不同比例的石油柴油/生物柴油混合燃料（0%、5%和10%生物柴油混合比例），研究了CCBC行驶工况下颗粒物（PM）排放特性。研究结果表明，与中国Ⅲ公交车相比，中国Ⅴ公交车的总PM数量排放和质量排放分别降低了68.1%、56.2%、57.5%以及52.7%、64.8%、88.5%。与中国Ⅳ公交车相比，PM质量排放降低了43.0%、47.3%、42.1%，而数量排放增加了4.0%、7.6%、14.7%。中国Ⅲ公交车的核态模式PM排放主要来自高速行驶工况，而中国Ⅳ和Ⅴ公交车则来自中低速行驶工况。中国Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ公交车的积聚模式PM排放均主要来自中低速行驶工况。在相对较低车速工况下，与中国Ⅲ公交车相比，中国Ⅳ和Ⅴ公交车的核态模式PM排放明显降低，积聚模式PM排放也是如此。与中国Ⅳ公交车相比，中国Ⅴ公交车的排放改善不明显，且核态模式PM排放甚至有所增加。在高速行驶工况下，中国Ⅲ公交车的核态模式PM排放急剧增加，而中国Ⅴ和Ⅳ公交车的核态模式PM排放略有增加。同时，中国Ⅳ公交车的积聚PM数量排放和质量排放明显高于中国Ⅴ和Ⅲ公交车。当使用B10燃料时，中国Ⅲ公交车排放的粒径相对较大的PM迅速恶化，表明中国Ⅲ公交车不适合使用高比例生物柴油燃料。
