Lou Di-Ming, Geng Xiao-Yu, Song Bo, Tan Pi-Qiang, Hu Zhi-Yuan, Liu Ji-Yue
School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Mar 8;39(3):1040-1045. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201705049.
A diesel bus was tested with a China City Bus Cycle (CCBC) on a heavy chassis dynamometer, and the components of the particulate emissions with different after-treatment equipment were investigated. Results showed that OC was less than EC in the particulates of the bus emissions without the use of after-treatment equipment. The organic components were mainly fatty acids (60.9%) and -alkanes (32.4%), with a few hopanes and PAHs. Fatty acid components were mainly C, C, C, and C. The -alkanes were mainly C-C, with CH and CH accounting for the greatest portion. PAH mass was concentrated in medium and small molecular weight components, such as Pyr, FL, and PA. While PAH toxicity was dominated by medium and high molecular weight components, BaP was the most toxic, followed by B(b+k)F, BaA, and IcdP. The total toxicity of the PAHs decreased by 2.7% after DOC treatment and continued to decrease by 89.6%-93.8% after CDPF treatment. After-treatment equipment significantly reduced the OC+EC emissions by 18.9% (DOC) and 70.5%-72.5% (CDPF), but the reduction rate varied from one component to another. The different precious metal loadings of the CDPF did not obviously affect the reduction rate.
一辆柴油公交车在中国城市公交循环工况（CCBC）下于重型底盘测功机上进行了测试，并对配备不同后处理设备时的颗粒物排放成分进行了研究。结果表明，在未使用后处理设备的公交车排放颗粒物中，有机碳（OC）含量低于元素碳（EC）。有机成分主要是脂肪酸（60.9%）和正构烷烃（32.4%），还有少量藿烷和多环芳烃（PAHs）。脂肪酸成分主要是C、C、C和C。正构烷烃主要是C - C，其中CH和CH占比最大。多环芳烃质量集中在中小分子量成分，如芘（Pyr）、荧蒽（FL）和菲（PA）。而多环芳烃毒性则由中高分子量成分主导，苯并[a]芘（BaP）毒性最强，其次是苯并[b + k]荧蒽（B(b + k)F）、苯并[a]蒽（BaA）和茚并[1,2,3 - cd]芘（IcdP）。经过氧化催化器（DOC）处理后，多环芳烃的总毒性降低了2.7%，经过连续再生捕集器（CDPF）处理后继续降低了89.6% - 93.8%。后处理设备显著降低了有机碳加元素碳（OC + EC）排放，氧化催化器降低了18.9%，连续再生捕集器降低了70.5% - 72.5%，但不同成分的降低率有所不同。连续再生捕集器不同的贵金属负载量对降低率没有明显影响。
