Venkataramani Gayathri, Ramalingam Velraj, Viswanathan Kishore
Institute for Energy Studies, CEG, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, CEG, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, India.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 2;8(1):9981. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28025-5.
Energy storage technologies have gained considerable momentum in the recent years owing to the rising tide of renewables. The deployment of energy storage is a trend set to continue into 2018 and beyond. In the near future, compressed air energy storage (CAES) will serve as an integral component of several energy intensive sectors. However, the major drawback in promoting CAES system in both large and small scale is owing to its minimum turn around efficiency. In the present work the major drawbacks associated with various existing configurations of CAES system are analysed. Interesting results of Isothermal CAES system are obtained through the present analysis to generate additional output energy compared to the supplied input by harnessing the free energy from the natural water bodies/ocean to enhance the overall turnaround efficiency of the system. The optimum operational characteristics of charging and discharging cycles are also addressed. In the present energy scenario, increasing the percentage of renewable energy (RE) share in the power generation is quite challenging since RE based power generation is intermittent in nature. The integration of energy storage technologies with RE source is imperative as it mitigates the intermittency of available energy. However, the development of efficient energy storage systems is one of the prime challenges in the promotion of renewable energy in a large scale. Among the various storage systems, electrochemical battery storage and pumped hydro storage (PHS) have attracted the commercial market. However, the shorter cycle life makes the battery storage more expensive and the PHS systems involves certain geographical and site constraints. Beyond the said storage systems, compressed air energy storage system which is one of the technically proven system has not been targeted the commercial market owing to its lower turnaround efficiency. Hence, the motivation behind the present research is towards developing efficient CAES configuration with higher turnaround efficiency thereby attaining economic feasibility and sustainability.
近年来，由于可再生能源的兴起，储能技术得到了长足发展。储能的部署是一个将持续到2018年及以后的趋势。在不久的将来，压缩空气储能（CAES）将成为几个能源密集型行业不可或缺的组成部分。然而，推广大型和小型CAES系统的主要缺点是其最低周转效率。在本工作中，分析了与CAES系统各种现有配置相关的主要缺点。通过本分析获得了等温CAES系统的有趣结果，即通过利用天然水体/海洋的自由能来产生比所供应输入更多的输出能量，从而提高系统的整体周转效率。还讨论了充放电循环的最佳运行特性。在当前的能源情景下，提高可再生能源（RE）在发电中的份额颇具挑战性，因为基于RE的发电本质上是间歇性的。将储能技术与RE源集成势在必行，因为它可以减轻可用能源的间歇性。然而，开发高效的储能系统是大规模推广可再生能源的主要挑战之一。在各种储能系统中，电化学电池储能和抽水蓄能（PHS）吸引了商业市场。然而，较短的循环寿命使电池储能成本更高，而PHS系统存在一定的地理和场地限制。除了上述储能系统外，压缩空气储能系统作为技术上已得到验证的系统之一，由于其较低的周转效率尚未瞄准商业市场。因此，本研究的动机是开发具有更高周转效率的高效CAES配置，从而实现经济可行性和可持续性。
