Zhang Jingshi, Azari Rahman, Poerschke Ute, Hall Derek M
Department of Architecture, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA.
Micromachines (Basel). 2023 Dec 2;14(12):2203. doi: 10.3390/mi14122203.
The integration of distributed renewable energy technologies (such as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)) into buildings, especially in space-constrained urban areas, offers sustainable energy and helps offset fossil-fuel-related carbon emissions. However, the intermittent nature of these distributed renewable energy sources can negatively impact the larger power grids. Efficient onsite energy storage solutions capable of providing energy continuously can address this challenge. Traditional large-scale energy storage methods like pumped hydro and compressed air energy have limitations due to geography and the need for significant space to be economically viable. In contrast, electrochemical storage methods like batteries offer more space-efficient options, making them well suited for urban contexts. This literature review aims to explore potential substitutes for batteries in the context of solar energy. This review article presents insights and case studies on the integration of electrochemical energy harvesting and storage into buildings. The seamless integration can provide a space-efficient source of renewable energy for new buildings or existing structures that often have limited physical space for retrofitting. This work offers a comprehensive examination of existing research by reviewing the strengths and drawbacks of various technologies for electrochemical energy harvesting and storage, identifying those with the potential to integrate into building skins, and highlighting areas for future research and development.
将分布式可再生能源技术（如建筑一体化光伏（BIPV））集成到建筑物中，尤其是在空间有限的城市地区，可提供可持续能源并有助于抵消与化石燃料相关的碳排放。然而，这些分布式可再生能源的间歇性会对更大的电网产生负面影响。能够持续提供能源的高效现场储能解决方案可以应对这一挑战。传统的大规模储能方法，如抽水蓄能和压缩空气储能，由于地理条件和经济可行性所需的大量空间而存在局限性。相比之下，电池等电化学储能方法提供了更节省空间的选择，使其非常适合城市环境。这篇文献综述旨在探索太阳能领域中电池的潜在替代品。本文献综述文章介绍了关于将电化学能量收集和存储集成到建筑物中的见解和案例研究。无缝集成可为新建筑或现有结构提供节省空间的可再生能源来源，而这些建筑通常用于改造的物理空间有限。这项工作通过回顾各种电化学能量收集和存储技术的优缺点，全面审视了现有研究，确定了那些有可能集成到建筑表皮中的技术，并突出了未来研发的领域。
