Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Pardubice Regional Hospital, 56024, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Mycopathologia. 2018 Oct;183(5):751-764. doi: 10.1007/s11046-018-0277-2. Epub 2018 Jul 2.
Pythium oligandrum (Oomycota) is known for its strong mycoparasitism against more than 50 fungal and oomycete species. However, the ability of this oomycete to suppress and kill the causal agents of dermatophytoses is yet to be studied. We provide a complex study of the interactions between P. oligandrum and dermatophytes representing all species dominating in the developed countries. We assessed its biocidal potential by performing growth tests, on both solid and liquid cultivation media and by conducting a pilot clinical study. In addition, we studied the molecular background of mycoparasitism using expression profiles of genes responsible for the attack on the side of P. oligandrum and the stress response on the side of Microsporum canis. We showed that dermatophytes are efficiently suppressed or killed by P. oligandrum in the artificial conditions of cultivations media between 48 and 72 h after first contact. Significant intra- and interspecies variability was noted. Of the 69 patients included in the acute regimen study, symptoms were completely eliminated in 79% of the patients suffering from foot odour, hyperhidrosis disappeared in 67% of cases, clinical signs of dermatomycoses could no longer be observed in 83% of patients, and 15% of persons were relieved of symptoms of onychomycosis. Our investigations provide clear evidence that the oomycete is able to recognize and kill dermatophytes using recognition mechanisms that resemble those described in oomycetes attacking fungi infecting plants, albeit with some notable differences.
寡帚霉（卵菌门）以其对超过 50 种真菌和卵菌的强烈生防寄生作用而闻名。然而，这种卵菌抑制和杀死皮肤癣菌病原体的能力尚未得到研究。我们对寡帚霉与代表发达国家主要优势种的皮肤癣菌之间的相互作用进行了综合研究。我们通过在固体和液体培养介质上进行生长测试，并进行了一项初步的临床研究，评估了其杀菌潜力。此外，我们还通过研究寡帚霉攻击侧和犬小孢子菌应激反应侧的基因表达谱，研究了生防寄生的分子背景。我们表明，在接触后的 48 至 72 小时内，寡帚霉在人工培养条件下能够有效地抑制或杀死皮肤癣菌。注意到显著的种内和种间变异性。在急性方案研究的 69 名患者中，有 79%患有足部异味的患者症状完全消除，67%的多汗症患者症状消失，83%的皮肤癣菌临床症状消失，15%的患者甲真菌病症状得到缓解。我们的研究结果提供了明确的证据，表明该卵菌能够通过识别和杀死皮肤癣菌的机制来识别和杀死皮肤癣菌，这些机制类似于描述的攻击植物病原菌的卵菌，但也存在一些显著的差异。
