Micro-/Nano-technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Nat Commun. 2018 Jul 3;9(1):2578. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04937-8.
Formation of thick, high energy density, flexible solid supercapacitors is challenging because of difficulties infilling gel electrolytes into porous electrodes. Incomplete infilling results in a low capacitance and poor mechanical properties. Here we report a bottom-up infilling method to overcome these challenges. Electrodes up to 500 μm thick, formed from multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a composite of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polystyrene sulfonate and multi-walled carbon nanotubes are successfully infilled with a polyvinyl alcohol/phosphoric acid gel electrolyte. The exceptional mechanical properties of the multi-walled carbon nanotube-based electrode enable it to be rolled into a radius of curvature as small as 0.5 mm without cracking and retain 95% of its initial capacitance after 5000 bending cycles. The areal capacitance of our 500 μm thick poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polystyrene sulfonate, multi-walled carbon nanotube-based flexible solid supercapacitor is 2662 mF cm at 2 mV s, at least five times greater than current flexible supercapacitors.
由于难以将凝胶电解质填充到多孔电极中，因此难以形成厚的、高能量密度、柔韧性的固态超级电容器。不完全填充会导致电容低和机械性能差。在这里，我们报告了一种自下而上的填充方法来克服这些挑战。由多壁碳纳米管和聚（3,4-亚乙基二氧噻吩）、聚苯乙烯磺酸盐和多壁碳纳米管的复合材料制成的厚度达 500μm 的电极成功地填充了聚乙烯醇/磷酸凝胶电解质。基于多壁碳纳米管的电极具有出色的机械性能，可将其卷成曲率半径小至 0.5mm 而不会出现裂纹，并在经过 5000 次弯曲循环后保留其初始电容的 95%。我们的 500μm 厚的聚（3,4-亚乙基二氧噻吩）、聚苯乙烯磺酸盐、多壁碳纳米管基柔性固态超级电容器的面电容在 2mV s 时为 2662mF cm-2，至少是当前柔性超级电容器的五倍。
