Astill Jake, Alkie Tamiru, Yitbarek Alexander, Taha-Abdelaziz Khaled, Bavananthasivam Jegarubee, Nagy Éva, Petrik James John, Sharif Shayan
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Department of Biology, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
BMC Res Notes. 2018 Jul 3;11(1):428. doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3537-9.
Infection of chickens with low pathogenic avian influenza virus, such as H9N2 virus, culminates in decreased egg production and increased mortality and morbidity if co-infection with other respiratory pathogens occurs. We have previously observed the induction of antibody- and cell-mediated immune responses after intramuscular administration of an H9N2 beta-propiolactone inactivated virus vaccine to chickens. Given the fact that in ovo vaccination represents a practical option for vaccination against H9N2 AIV in chickens, in the current study, we set out to characterize immune responses in chickens against a beta-propiolactone inactivated H9N2 virus vaccine after primary vaccination in ovo on embryonic day 18, and secondary intramuscular vaccination on day 14 post-hatch. We also included the Toll-like receptor 21 ligand, CpG ODN 2007, and an oil emulsion adjuvant, AddaVax™, as adjuvants for the vaccines.
Antibody-mediated immune responses were observed after administering the secondary intramuscular vaccine. Cell-mediated immune responses were observed in chickens that received the beta-propiolactone inactivated H9N2 virus combined with AddaVax™. Our results demonstrate that adaptive immune responses can be induced in chickens after a primary in ovo vaccination and secondary intramuscular vaccination.
低致病性禽流感病毒（如H9N2病毒）感染鸡群后，如果同时感染其他呼吸道病原体，最终会导致产蛋量下降以及死亡率和发病率上升。我们之前观察到，给鸡肌肉注射H9N2β-丙内酯灭活病毒疫苗后，会诱导抗体介导和细胞介导的免疫反应。鉴于蛋内接种疫苗是鸡群预防H9N2禽流感病毒的一种实用方法，在本研究中，我们着手研究在胚胎第18天进行蛋内初次接种、孵化后第14天进行肌肉二次接种后，鸡群对β-丙内酯灭活H9N2病毒疫苗的免疫反应特征。我们还将Toll样受体21配体CpG ODN 2007和油乳佐剂AddaVax™作为疫苗佐剂。
二次肌肉注射疫苗后观察到抗体介导的免疫反应。在接受β-丙内酯灭活H9N2病毒与AddaVax™联合疫苗的鸡群中观察到细胞介导的免疫反应。我们的结果表明，在进行蛋内初次接种和肌肉二次接种后，鸡群可诱导适应性免疫反应。
