Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2018 Aug 13;47(16):6073-6100. doi: 10.1039/c8cs00286j.
The discovery of graphene opened a door for manufacturing and investigating two-dimensional (2D) materials. After more than ten years of development, 2D materials have become one of the most important topics in materials research, with dozens of new materials having been synthesized experimentally and even more predicted theoretically. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fabrication of 2D materials based on epitaxial growth in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) experimental environment and the investigation of their physical and chemical properties. In particular, we focus on techniques like intercalation, templated molecular adsorption, and direct selenization and tellurization of metal substrates. We discuss progress in fabrication methods of monatomic and binary 2D materials and highlight their interesting and quite unusual physical properties. Finally, we assess future directions of research in this field, where breakthroughs can be expected, and indicate where investments in additional research might be most rewarding scientifically.
石墨烯的发现为制造和研究二维（2D）材料开辟了一扇大门。经过十多年的发展，2D 材料已成为材料研究中最重要的课题之一，已有数十种新的材料通过实验合成，甚至更多的材料通过理论预测得到。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了在超高真空（UHV）实验环境中基于外延生长的 2D 材料的制造以及对其物理和化学性质的研究。特别地，我们关注了一些技术，如夹层、模板分子吸附以及金属衬底的直接硒化和碲化。我们讨论了单原子和双原子 2D 材料的制造方法的进展，并强调了它们有趣且非常特殊的物理性质。最后，我们评估了该领域的未来研究方向，预计将在这些方向取得突破，并指出在哪些方面进行额外的研究在科学上最有价值。
