Rehberg Joshua, Stipčić Ana, Ćorić Tanja, Kolčić Ivana, Polašek Ozren
Ozren Polašek, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21220 Split, Croatia,
Croat Med J. 2018 Jun 30;59(3):118-123. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2018.59.118.
To investigate the mortality patterns on the Southern Adriatic islands of Croatia and compare them with those in two, mainly coastal, mainland counties.
In this registry-based study we used the official mortality register data to analyze the mortality patterns on seven Croatian islands (Brač, Hvar, Korčula, Lastovo, Mljet, Šolta, and Vis) and Pelješac peninsula in the 1998-2013 period and calculated the average lifespan, life expectancy, and standardized mortality ratios (SMR). We compared the leading causes of death with those in the mainland population of two southernmost Croatian counties.
The average lifespan of the island population was 3-10 years longer for men and 2-7 years longer for women than that on the mainland. All-cause SMRs were significantly lower for both men and women on Korčula, Brač, Mljet, and Pelješac but significantly higher for women on Šolta (1.22; 95% confidence intervals 1.07-1.38). The leading causes of death on the islands were cardiovascular diseases, with higher percentages in men and lower in women in comparison with those on the mainland. There were no substantial differences in the life expectancy at birth.
Despite longer lifespan, lack of differences in life expectancy at birth suggests that the recent generations of islanders no longer show beneficial mortality patterns, possibly due to diminishing adherence to the Mediterranean diet and lifestyle. Restoring the traditional lifestyles is a public health priority, with the ultimate aim of reducing inequalities and improving the health of island inhabitants.
调查克罗地亚亚得里亚海南部诸岛的死亡率模式，并将其与两个主要为沿海地区的大陆县的死亡率模式进行比较。
在这项基于登记处的研究中，我们使用官方死亡率登记数据来分析1998 - 2013年期间克罗地亚七个岛屿（布拉奇岛、赫瓦尔岛、科尔丘拉岛、拉斯托沃岛、姆列特岛、索尔塔岛和维斯岛）以及佩列沙茨半岛的死亡率模式，并计算平均寿命、预期寿命和标准化死亡率（SMR）。我们将主要死因与克罗地亚最南端两个县的大陆人口的主要死因进行了比较。
岛屿人口的男性平均寿命比大陆长3 - 10岁，女性平均寿命比大陆长2 - 7岁。科尔丘拉岛、布拉奇岛、姆列特岛和佩列沙茨半岛的男性和女性全因标准化死亡率均显著较低，但索尔塔岛女性的全因标准化死亡率显著较高（1.22；95%置信区间为1.07 - 1.38）。岛屿上的主要死因是心血管疾病，与大陆相比，男性中的比例较高，女性中的比例较低。出生时的预期寿命没有实质性差异。
尽管寿命较长，但出生时预期寿命没有差异表明，最近几代岛民不再呈现有益的死亡率模式，这可能是由于对地中海饮食和生活方式的坚持减少所致。恢复传统生活方式是公共卫生的优先事项，其最终目标是减少不平等现象并改善岛民的健康状况。
