Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2019 Jun;103(6):743-747. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311803. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To conduct an assessment of avoidable blindness, diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults aged 50 years and older in the National Capital District (NCD) region of Papua New Guinea (PNG).
A cross-sectional population-based survey was performed for which 25 clusters of 50 people aged ≥50 years were randomly selected from the NCD region. The standardised rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) with diabetic retinopathy (+DR) methodology was used. Blindness was defined as presenting visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye. Participants were classified as having diabetes if they were known to have diabetes or if their random blood glucose level was ≥200 mg/dL. Dilated fundus examination and Scottish DR grading were performed.
In total, 1192 out of 1250 eligible participants (95.4%) were examined. Of these, 7.8% had known or newly diagnosed diabetes. Seventy-one per cent of participants with known diabetes had a blood glucose level ≥200 mg/dL, and 82.9% had never had an ophthalmological examination for DR. Prevalence of DR and/or maculopathy was 46.4%. The age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of diabetes was estimated at 8.1% (95% CI 5.7% to 10.4%) in the population aged 50 years or older in the NCD region of PNG.
Prevalence of diabetes in adults aged 50 years and older was lower than reported elsewhere in the region, and lower than other RAAB+DR surveys. Despite this, the prevalence of DR is high compared with other RAAB+DR surveys and demonstrates the need for increased awareness and accessibility to eye services for people with diabetes.
背景/目的：对巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）国家首都地区（NCD）50 岁及以上成年人的可避免盲、糖尿病和糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）进行评估。
进行了一项横断面人群为基础的调查，从 NCD 地区随机选择了 25 个 50 人以上的集群。采用标准化的快速可避免盲评估（RAAB）和糖尿病视网膜病变（+DR）方法。盲定义为较好眼的视力<3/60。如果参与者已知患有糖尿病，或者他们的随机血糖水平≥200mg/dL，则将其归类为糖尿病。进行了散瞳眼底检查和苏格兰 DR 分级。
共有 1250 名符合条件的参与者中的 1192 人（95.4%）接受了检查。其中，7.8%有已知或新诊断的糖尿病。71%已知患有糖尿病的参与者血糖水平≥200mg/dL，82.9%从未接受过 DR 的眼科检查。DR 和/或黄斑病变的患病率为 46.4%。年龄和性别调整后的 NCD 地区 50 岁及以上人群的糖尿病患病率估计为 8.1%（95%CI 5.7%至 10.4%）。
50 岁及以上成年人的糖尿病患病率低于该地区其他地方的报告，也低于其他 RAAB+DR 调查。尽管如此，与其他 RAAB+DR 调查相比，DR 的患病率仍然很高，这表明需要提高人们对糖尿病的认识，并增加获得眼部服务的机会。
