Zatic Tatiana, Bendelic Eugen, Paduca Ala, Rabiu Mansour, Corduneanu Angela, Garaba Angela, Novac Victoria, Curca Cristina, Sorbala Inga, Chiaburu Andrei, Verega Florentina, Andronic Victoria, Guzun Irina, Căpăţină Olga, Zamă-Mardari Iulea
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Moldova, Head of Directorate Primary Care,Chisinău, Republic of Moldova.
State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Nicolae Testemiteanu", Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology of Republic of Moldova.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jun;99(6):832-6. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305824. Epub 2014 Dec 30.
To evaluate the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy among people aged ≥50 years in the Republic of Moldova using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness plus Diabetic Retinopathy ('RAAB+DR') techniques.
111 communities of people aged ≥50 years were randomly selected. In addition to standard RAAB procedures in all people with diabetes (previous history of the disease or with a random blood glucose level >11.1 mm/L (200 mg/dL)), a dilated fundus examination was performed to assess the presence and the degree of diabetic retinopathy using the Scottish DR grading system.
3877 (98%) people out of the 3885 eligible people were examined. The prevalence of blindness was 1.4% (95% CI 1.0% to 1.8%). The major causes of blindness and severe visual impairment were untreated cataract (58.2%), glaucoma (10.9%), and other posterior segment causes (10.9%). The estimated prevalence of diabetes was 11.4%. Among all people with diabetes, 55.9% had some form of retinopathy, and sight threatening diabetic retinopathy affected 14.6%.
The RAAB+DR survey in the Republic of Moldova established that untreated cataract is the major cause of avoidable blindness in rural areas. This needs to be tackled by expanding the geographical coverage of cataract surgical services.
采用可避免盲症快速评估加糖尿病视网膜病变（“RAAB+DR”）技术，评估摩尔多瓦共和国50岁及以上人群中失明和视力损害的患病率及病因、糖尿病和糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率。
随机选取111个50岁及以上人群的社区。除了对所有糖尿病患者（有糖尿病病史或随机血糖水平>11.1 mmol/L（200 mg/dL））进行标准的RAAB程序外，还进行了散瞳眼底检查，以使用苏格兰糖尿病视网膜病变分级系统评估糖尿病视网膜病变的存在情况和程度。
3885名符合条件的人群中，3877人（98%）接受了检查。失明患病率为1.4%（95%置信区间1.0%至1.8%）。失明和严重视力损害的主要原因是未治疗的白内障（58.2%）、青光眼（10.9%）和其他后段病因（10.9%）。糖尿病的估计患病率为11.4%。在所有糖尿病患者中，55.9%患有某种形式的视网膜病变，威胁视力的糖尿病视网膜病变影响了14.6%。
摩尔多瓦共和国的RAAB+DR调查表明，未治疗的白内障是农村地区可避免失明的主要原因。这需要通过扩大白内障手术服务的地理覆盖范围来解决。
